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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Wildlife Management >Moose calf mortality in central Ontario, Canada
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Moose calf mortality in central Ontario, Canada

机译：加拿大安大略省中部的麋鹿犊牛死亡率

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Although some populations remain stable, moose (Alces alces) density and distribution have been declining in many areas along the southern edge of their North American distribution. During 20062009, we deployed 99 vaginal implant transmitters (VITs) in 86 adult female moose in central Ontario, Canada to assist in locating and radiocollaring neonatal moose calves. We monitored radiocollared calves to estimate calf survival and assess the relative importance of specific causes of death. Calves in the western portion of our study area (WMU49) were exposed to a 6-day general hunting season, whereas calves in the eastern portion of our study area (Algonquin Provincial Park [APP]) were not exposed to hunting. Annual survival for 87 collared calves was greater in the protected area than the harvested area (72.4 +/- 6.8% and 55.8 +/- 8.3%, respectively) and averaged 63.7 +/- 7.1% overall. Predation by wolves (Canis sp.) and American black bears (Ursus americanus) was the dominant cause of death but occurred predominately in APP, whereas other natural mortality agents were 4x more common in WMU49. Only 16% of the collared calves in WMU49 were harvested each year despite a high proportion (approx. 50%) of accessible, public land. Most natural mortality occurred prior to the autumn hunting season such that reductions in natural mortality had little potential to compensate for calf harvest. Overall, calf survival in our study area was moderate to high and our findings suggest predator control or further restrictions of calf hunting in this area is not justified
机译：尽管某些种群保持稳定，但驼鹿（Alces alces）的密度和分布在其北美分布南部边缘的许多地区都在下降。在20062009年期间，我们在加拿大安大略省中部的86个成年雌性麋鹿中部署了99个阴道植入发射器（VIT），以帮助定位和放射套结新生的麋鹿犊牛。我们监测了放射性领犊牛，以评估犊牛存活率并评估特定死亡原因的相对重要性。研究区域西部的小牛（WMU49）处于6天的一般狩猎季节，而研究区域东部的小牛（阿尔冈昆省立公园[APP]）没有受到狩猎。保护区的87头小牛的年生存率高于收获区（分别为72.4 +/- 6.8％和55.8 +/- 8.3％），总体平均为63.7 +/- 7.1％。狼（Canis sp。）和美洲黑熊（Ursus americanus）的捕食是主要的死亡原因，但主要发生在APP中，而其他自然死亡因素在WMU49中的发生率是后者的4倍。尽管可利用的公共土地比例很高（约50％），但WMU49每年仅收获16％的有领小牛。大多数自然死亡率发生在秋季狩猎季节之前，因此自然死亡率的降低几乎没有补偿小牛收成的潜力。总体而言，我们研究区的小牛存活率处于中等至较高水平，我们的发现表明在该地区捕食者控制或进一步限制小牛狩猎是没有道理的

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