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Integrated Rat Management

机译：综合大鼠管理

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摘要

Although there are many pest rat species, both wild and domestic, this article is mostly concerned with the two most important domestic rat species0--the roof rat, Rattus rattus, and the Norway rat, Rattus norwegicus. These rats are often called commensal rodents, literally meaning they "share the table" with human households (Meehan 1984). The current worldwide infestation of these two species probably originated in India or Mongolia. The roof rat migrated first to the Middle East, then probably traveled with the Crusaders to Europe. By the 12th century A.D. this rat was firmly entrenched on the Continent (Zinsser 1935; McNeill 1976). The Norway rat did not originate in Norway, but probably also started its journeys in Asia, following and often displacing the roof rat. The Norway rat traveled first to Europe, then to the United States, crossing the continent and arriving in California in 1851 (Zinsser 1935).
机译：尽管有许多害虫大鼠物种，包括野生的和家养的，但本文主要涉及两种最重要的家养大鼠物种0-屋顶大鼠Rattus rattus和挪威大鼠Rattus norwegicus。这些老鼠通常被称为啮齿类啮齿动物，其字面意思是它们与人类家庭“共享餐桌”（Meehan 1984）。这两个物种目前在世界范围内的侵染可能起源于印度或蒙古。屋顶老鼠先移居中东，然后可能与十字军一起移居欧洲。到了公元12世纪，这只老鼠已经牢固地立在了大陆上（Zinsser 1935; McNeill 1976）。挪威鼠不是起源于挪威，而是可能跟随并经常替换屋顶鼠而开始其在亚洲的旅程。挪威老鼠先行到欧洲，然后到美国，越过大陆到达，并于1851年到达加利福尼亚（Zinsser，1935年）。

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