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首页> 外文期刊>Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis >Impact of Compost Application during 5 Years on Crop Production, Soil Microbial Activity, Carbon Fraction, and Humification Process
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Impact of Compost Application during 5 Years on Crop Production, Soil Microbial Activity, Carbon Fraction, and Humification Process

机译：5年堆肥施用对作物产量，土壤微生物活性，碳分率和增湿过程的影响

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摘要

Compost amendment is considered as a practical tool to increase the soil organic matter (SOM), which contributes to agricultural sustainability. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the impacts of organic soil management over 5years on orchard prune production (Prunus salicina), microbial activity, soil carbon (C) fraction, and stabilization degrees of soil humification. Plot experiment was designed with two different soil managements: i) for minimizing anthropogenic disturbances, only mulching of orchard residues derived from prune tree plot area was applied to soil surface (S+V); and ii) the amendment of composted manure was annually practiced in addition to the utilization of orchard residues inside the plot area (S+V+C). After 5years, the soil with the continuous compost application (S+V+C) showed higher productivity of Prunus salicina (21.4%), greater fruit diameter (7.8%), and heavier fruit weight (22.4%) than the soil without compost application (S+V). Nutrient content in foliar analysis showed no difference between the two treatments (S+V and S+V+C). By contrast, the amended soil by compost (S+V+C) increased the SOM and water-soluble C fraction in parallel with the increase of microbial parameters (microbial biomass C, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), basal respiration, and dehydrogenase). Analyzing soil humic acid character by chemical spectra techniques of Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra and C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (C-13-NMR), gradual reformation of a more stabilized structure was shown in both soils (S+V and S+V+C), due to the selective biodegradation and humification process after the amendments over 5years. Especially, in the soil treated with compost application (S+V+C), the increase of functional C groups (aromatic and carboxylic groups), which reinforce the recalcitrant character of soil humified fraction, was clearly observed. The continuous application of composted manure for the duration of 5years improved the orchard soil fertility as well as productivity.Abbreviations: ATP, adenosine triphosphate; CPMAS, cross-polarization magic angle spinning; EC, electrical conductivity; FT-IR, Fourier-transform infrared; HA, humic acid; HS, humic substance; INTF, iodonitrotetrazolium formazan; K, Potassium; LSD, least significant differences, N, nitrogen; NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance; O, oxygen; OM, organic matter; MBC, microbial biomass C; P, phosphorous; SD, standard deviation; SE, standard error; SOM, soil organic matter; TOC, total organic carbon; WSC, water-soluble C; WS-Ch, water-soluble carbohydrate
机译：堆肥改良被认为是增加土壤有机质（SOM）的实用工具，有助于农业的可持续发展。本工作的目的是评估5年内有机土壤管理对果园西梅产量（李属李），微生物活性，土壤碳（C）分数以及土壤增湿稳定程度的影响。设计了具有两种不同土壤管理方法的样地试验：i）为了最大程度地减少人为干扰，仅将修剪树样地的果园残留物覆盖在土壤表面（S + V）; ii）除利用样区（S + V + C）内的果园残渣外，还每年对堆肥进行修正。 5年后，连续施用堆肥（S + V + C）的土壤比未施用堆肥的土壤表现出较高的李子生产率（21.4％），更大的果实直径（7.8％）和更大的果实重量（22.4％）。 （S + V）。叶面分析中的营养含量显示两种处理（S + V和S + V + C）之间没有差异。相比之下，通过堆肥（S + V + C）改良的土壤与微生物参数（微生物生物量C，三磷酸腺苷（ATP），基础呼吸和脱氢酶）的增加并行地增加了SOM和水溶性C分数。通过傅立叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）和C-13核磁共振（C-13-NMR）的化学光谱技术分析土壤腐殖酸的特性，在两种土壤中均显示出更稳定结构的逐步重整（S + V和S + V + C），是由于经过5年的修正后的选择性生物降解和腐殖化过程。特别是，在使用堆肥（S + V + C）处理过的土壤中，可以清楚地观察到官能团C（芳香基和羧基）的增加，这增强了土壤腐殖质的顽固性。连续施用堆肥5年可提高果园土壤肥力和生产率。缩写：ATP，三磷酸腺苷; CPMAS，交叉极化魔角旋转; EC，电导率; FT-IR，傅立叶变换红外; HA，腐殖酸; HS，腐殖质; INTF，碘硝基四唑甲maz;钾，钾LSD，最小显着差异，N，氮; NMR，核磁共振; O，氧气; OM，有机物; MBC，微生物生物量C; P，磷; SD，标准偏差; SE，标准误差; SOM，土壤有机质; TOC，总有机碳; WSC，水溶性C; WS-Ch，水溶性碳水化合物

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