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European Pear Architecture and Branch Management in France: An INRA Research Program

机译：法国的欧洲梨建筑和分支机构管理：INRA研究计划

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摘要

In the past few years both INRA and experimental stations developed applied research on pear trees and branch architecture; first, to better characterize genetic variability, and second, to optimize tree training. At tree level, it has been shown thatflowering in the third year was positively related to feathering in the first two years of growth, with a genotypic effect. These results are likely to give the breeder an architectural trait that can be selected in progenies. In terms of training concepts, the results also emphasize an interest to sustaining a high branching potential in the young tree to increase early fruit production. Once the tree framework, usually Axis (Solaxe, Centrifugal training) or to a lesser extent Palmette training, is established the management of the fruiting branch is critical. Our experience confirmed the interest of the free growing fruiting branch ('taille longue') with moderate bending if necessary and the thinning out of competitive water shoots on branches and in the upper part of the tree. The implementation of training and pruning procedures according to the cultivar will be presented.
机译：在过去的几年中，INRA和实验站都对梨树和树枝结构进行了应用研究。首先是更好地描述遗传变异性，其次是优化树木训练。在树木水平上，已显示第三年的开花与生长的前两年的羽化正相关，具有基因型效应。这些结果很可能赋予育种者可以在后代中选择的建筑特征。在培训概念方面，结果还强调了保持幼树高分枝潜力以增加早期水果产量的兴趣。一旦树形框架（通常是Axis（Solaxe，离心训练）或较小程度的Palmette训练）建立起来，结果分支的管理就变得至关重要。我们的经验证实，如果需要的话，可以自由弯曲的果树枝（“尾巴”）进行适度弯曲，并且在树枝和树上部的竞争性水芽稀疏后，这种兴趣就得到了证实。将介绍根据品种进行的培训和修剪程序。

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