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首页> 外文期刊>Comparative Medicine >Aerosolized Bacillus anthracis infection in New Zealand white rabbits: natural history and intravenous levofloxacin treatment.
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Aerosolized Bacillus anthracis infection in New Zealand white rabbits: natural history and intravenous levofloxacin treatment.

机译：新西兰白兔的气溶胶化炭疽杆菌感染：自然史和静脉注射左氧氟沙星治疗。

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The natural history for inhalational Bacillus anthracis (Ames strain) exposure in New Zealand white rabbits was investigated to better identify potential, early biomarkers of anthrax. Twelve SPF Bordetella-free rabbits were exposed to 150 LD50 aerosolized B. anthracis spores, and clinical signs, body temperature, complete blood count, bacteremia, and presence of protective antigen in the blood (that is, antigenemia) were examined. The development of antigenemia and bacteremia coincided and preceded both pyrexia and inversion of the heterophil:lymphocyte ratio, an indicator of infection. Antigenemia was determined within 1 h by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, compared with the 24-h traditional culture needed for bacteremia determination. Rabbits appeared clinically normal until shortly before succumbing to anthrax approximately 47 h after challenge or approximately 22 h after antigenemia, which suggests a relatively narrow therapeutic window of opportunity. To evaluate the therapeutic rabbit model, B. anthracis-exposed rabbits were treated (after determination of antigenemia and later confirmed to be bacteremic) intravenously with the fluoroquinolone antibiotic levofloxacin for 5 d at a total daily dose of 25 or 12.5 mg/kg, resulting in nearly 90% and 70% survival, respectively, to the study end (28 d after challenge). The peak level for 12.5 mg/kg was equivalent to that observed for a 500-mg daily levofloxacin dose in humans. These results suggest that intravenous levofloxacin is an effective therapeutic against inhalational anthrax. Taken together, our findings indicate that antigenemia is a viable and early biomarker for B. anthracis infection that can be used as a treatment trigger to allow for timely intervention against this highly pathogenic disease.
机译：研究了新西兰白兔吸入炭疽杆菌（Ames菌株）的吸入性自然史，以更好地鉴定潜在的炭疽生物标志物。将十二只无SPF Betetella 的兔子暴露于150 LD 50 雾化的B中。检查了炭疽病菌的孢子，临床体征，体温，全血细胞计数，菌血症和血液中保护性抗原的存在（即抗原血症）。抗原血症和菌血症的发生是同时发生的，并且在发热和异源性：淋巴细胞比率（感染指示）倒置之前。与电化学法测定菌血症所需的24小时传统培养相比，通过电化学发光免疫法测定了1小时内的抗原血症。兔子在攻击后约47小时或抗原血症后约22 h死于炭疽之前不久，临床表现正常。这表明治疗机会相对狭窄。为了评估治疗性兔模型，B。用氟喹诺酮类抗生素左氧氟沙星静脉注射炭疽暴露的兔子（确定抗原血症后再确认为细菌性），每日总剂量为25或12.5 mg / kg静脉治疗5 d，结果将近90％到研究结束时（攻击后28 d）存活率分别为70％。 12.5 mg / kg的峰值水平相当于人体每天500 mg左氧氟沙星剂量的峰值水平。这些结果表明静脉注射左氧氟沙星是一种有效的治疗吸入性炭疽的方法。综上，我们的发现表明抗原血症是B的可行且早期的生物标记。可以用作治疗触发因素的炭疽感染，以便及时干预这种高致病性疾病。

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