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Neuronal activity-dependent regulation of retinal blood flow

机译：视网膜血流的神经元活动依赖性调节

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摘要

Blood flow in the retina is intrinsically regulated to meet the metabolic demands of its constituent cells. Flickering light or stationary contrast reversals induce an increase in blood flow within seconds of the stimulus onset. This phenomenon is thought to compensate for an increase in ganglion cell activity and energy consumption. Ganglion cell activity is in turn dependent on signals from photoreceptors, bipolar cells, horizontal cells and amacrine cells. The physiological properties of these neurons determine how each type is affected by a particular light characteristic. Neuronal activity then triggers the release of signalling molecules that dilate local blood vessels and increase blood flow. Nitric oxide has been implicated as an important mediator, but metabolites of arachidonic acid may also be involved. Detailed elucidation of these mechanisms, together with advances in imaging technology, may facilitate the use of neurovascular tests to improve the detection of retinal damage in pathological conditions.
机译：视网膜中的血流受到内在调节，以满足其组成细胞的代谢需求。闪烁的光线或静止的对比度反转会在刺激发作的几秒钟内引起血流量增加。据认为，该现象补偿了神经节细胞活性和能量消耗的增加。神经节细胞的活性又取决于感光器，双极细胞，水平细胞和无长突细胞的信号。这些神经元的生理特性决定了每种类型如何受到特定光特性的影响。然后，神经元活动触发信号分子的释放，从而使局部血管扩张并增加血流量。一氧化氮被认为是重要的介质，但是花生四烯酸的代谢产物也可能参与其中。对这些机制的详细说明以及成像技术的进步，可能有助于神经血管检测的使用，以改善病理状况下视网膜损伤的检测。

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