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首页> 外文期刊>Clinical and investigative medicine: Medecine clinique et experimentale >Devastating metabolic consequences of a life of plenty: Focus on the dyslipidemia of overnutrition
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Devastating metabolic consequences of a life of plenty: Focus on the dyslipidemia of overnutrition

机译：大量生活所带来的毁灭性新陈代谢后果：关注营养过剩的血脂异常

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Although undernutrition and starvation continue to affect a substantial portion ofthe world's population, billions of people in both developed and developing countriesare affected by the opposite problem: consumption of calories that exceedtheir daily energy expenditure, a condition of overnutrition. The body's responseto a positive net energy balance is to store energy, predominantly as triglyceridemolecules, in the subcutaneous and visceral fat compartments that expand andultimately manifest in obesity. The body's fat depot, however, does not have aninfinite capacity to store and expand, and at set points, which differ from individualto individual and are also influenced by ethnicity, energy substrates 'spill over',resulting in 'ectopic' fat storage in tissues and organs that are not typically majorfat storage depots in lean individuals. A complex web of nutrient overload,chronic inflammation, hormonal action, mitochondrial dysfunction and insulinresistance, to mention some of the factors involved, results in devastating metabolicabnormalities that have far reaching implications for health and disease, leadingultimately to some of the most common chronic diseases of our time; i.e., diabetesmellitus, cancer, chronic liver disease and atherosclerosis. Given the complexityand wide-ranging manifestations of overnutrition (also referred to here asinsulin resistant states), we will highlight a specific aspect of the condition, that ofdyslipidemia. This review will draw mainly on knowledge acquired from wholebody, integrative physiology research in animals and humans affected by overnutrition,and will demonstrate how these types of studies can shed light on our understandingof the pathophysiology of the typical dyslipidemia of obesity, insulin resistanceand type 2 diabetes.
机译：尽管营养不足和饥饿继续影响着世界上很大一部分人口，但发达国家和发展中国家的数十亿人都受到相反的问题的影响：消耗的卡路里超过其日常能量消耗，这是营养过剩的状况。人体对正净能量平衡的反应是将能量（主要是甘油三酸酯分子）存储在皮下和内脏的脂肪隔室中，最终在肥胖中膨胀。然而，人体的脂肪库没有无限的储存和扩展能力，并且在设定点上因人而异，并且受种族的影响，能量底物“溢出”，导致组织中“异位”脂肪的储存以及通常不是瘦身人士的主要脂肪储存库的器官。营养成分过多，慢性炎症，激素作用，线粒体功能障碍和胰岛素抵抗的复杂网络，提及其中一些因素，导致破坏性的代谢异常，对健康和疾病具有深远的影响，最终导致一些最常见的慢性疾病。我们的时间;即糖尿病，癌症，慢性肝病和动脉粥样硬化。鉴于营养过剩的复杂性和广泛表现（这里也称为胰岛素抵抗状态），我们将着重介绍该疾病的一个特定方面，即血脂异常。这篇综述将主要借鉴从整体获得的知识，对受营养过度影响的动物和人类进行的综合生理学研究，并将展示这些类型的研究如何为我们对典型肥胖症，胰岛素抵抗和2型糖尿病的典型血脂异常的病理生理学的理解提供启示。 。

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