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Prevalence and diversity of allergic rhinitis in regions of the world beyond Europe and North America

机译：欧洲和北美以外的世界各地过敏性鼻炎的流行和多样性

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Background: There is comparatively little information in the public domain on the diversity in prevalence and triggers/factors associated with allergic rhinitis (AR) or allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (AR/C) in countries beyond western-Europe and North America. Objective: To review the prevalence and the sensitizing agents/triggers and factors associated with AR/C in several countries in Africa, the Asia-Pacific region, Australia, Eastern Europe, Latin America, Middle East and Turkey. Methods: Articles published in English in peer-reviewed journals were assessed and selected for further review, following an extensive literature search using the Medline database. Results: This review demonstrated that prevalence of AR and AR/C in these regions has predominantly been investigated in children; with studies indicating wide inter- and intra-regional variations ranging from 2.9% AR and 3.8% AR/C in 10-18-years-old children from one region in Turkey to 54.1% AR and 39.2% AR/C in 13-14-years-old children in one region in Nigeria. Moreover, the prevalence of AR and AR/C has increased markedly over the last decade particularly in some of the more affluent African countries, China-Taiwan and several Middle East countries, likely as a consequence of improved living standards leading to increased exposure to multiple traditional and non-traditional sensitizing agents and risk factors similar to those noted in western-Europe and North America. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Our findings suggest that the greater diversity in prevalence of AR or AR/C in populations in these regions is in contrast to the lower diversity of AR or AR/C in the 'western populations (USA and Europe), which tend to be more uniform. This review provides a comprehensive database of the important allergens and triggers which are likely to influence the prevalence of allergic rhinitis in these diverse regions, where the prevalence of allergic rhinitis is increasing and its adverse impact on the quality of life of affected individuals is increasingly recognised.
机译：背景：在西欧和北美以外的国家，公共领域关于过敏性鼻炎（AR）或过敏性鼻结膜炎（AR / C）的患病率和诱因/因素多样性的信息相对较少。目的：回顾非洲，亚太地区，澳大利亚，东欧，拉丁美洲，中东和土耳其等几个国家中与AR / C相关的致敏剂/引发剂和触发因素。方法：在使用Medline数据库进行广泛的文献检索之后，评估并选择了在同行评审期刊上以英语发表的文章，以供进一步评审。结果：这项审查表明，这些地区的AR和AR / C患病率主要在儿童中进行了调查;研究表明，区域间和区域内的差异很大，从土耳其一个地区的10-18岁儿童的2.9％AR和3.8％AR / C到13-14岁的54.1％AR和39.2％AR / C尼日利亚一个地区的3岁儿童。此外，在过去十年中，特别是在一些较富裕的非洲国家，中国台湾地区和一些中东国家，AR和AR / C的患病率明显增加，这可能是由于生活水平提高导致更多人接触多种疾病的结果传统和非传统的敏化剂和危险因素与西欧和北美类似。结论与临床意义：我们的发现表明，这些地区人群中AR或AR / C的患病率较高，而“西方人群（美国和欧洲）的AR或AR / C的患病率较低”。趋于更加统一。这篇综述提供了重要的变应原和诱因的综合数据库，这些重要的变应原和诱因可能影响这些不同地区的变应性鼻炎的患病率，在这些地区变应性鼻炎的患病率正在上升，并且其对受影响个体的生活质量的不利影响也日益得到认识。

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