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首页> 外文期刊>Coral reefs: journal of the International Society for Reef Studies >Attributing mortality among drivers of population decline in Acropora palmata in the Florida Keys (USA)
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Attributing mortality among drivers of population decline in Acropora palmata in the Florida Keys (USA)

机译：在佛罗里达群岛（美国）的棕榈果棘轮吸虫种群减少的驱动因素中归因于死亡率

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摘要

Acropora palmata populations have experienced steep declines over the past 30 years. Although numerous culprits are recognized, their relative contributions to the decline are poorly quantified, making it difficult to prioritize effective conservation measures. In 2004, a demographic monitoring program was implemented in the Florida Keys (USA), aimed at determining the relative importance of various stressors affecting A. palmata. A subset of randomly selected A. palmata colonies within 15 fore-reef plots was tagged and surveyed three to four times per year over 7 years. Colony size, live tissue, prevalence of disease, snail (Coralliophila abbreviata) predation, physical damage and other conditions were assessed at each survey. The estimated effect of each condition causing recent mortality was ranked, and together, these parameters were used to attribute the population-level tissue loss associated with each condition. In addition, all new colonies in the study plots were counted and assessed annually in order to track trends in total colony count and live tissue abundance. Between 2004 and 2010, the study population has shown more than 50% decline in live area from three main conditions: fragmentation, disease and snail predation. Approximately half of this decline occurred during the catastrophic 2005 hurricane season from which recovery has been minimal. Meanwhile, colony abundance has shown gradual decline throughout the study. Snail predation was the most prevalent condition. However, it ranked third in attributed tissue loss, behind breakage that occurred during the 2005 hurricane season, and disease. Thermal bleaching of A. palmata was not observed during this study. Because mortality continues to outpace recruitment and growth, intervention to ameliorate losses to the more manageable threats including predation and breakage could result in substantial conservation of live tissue, buying time for the abatement of less tractable threats to A. palmata recovery such as climate change and disease.
机译：在过去的30年中，棕果鹿角种群数量急剧下降。尽管人们认识到了许多罪魁祸首，但他们对下降的相对贡献却难以量化，因此难以确定有效的保护措施的优先次序。 2004年，美国佛罗里达州实施了一项人口监测计划，旨在确定影响棕榈棕榈的各种压力源的相对重要性。在15个前礁地块中，随机选择一个棕榈曲霉菌落的子集进行标记，并在7年中每年进行三到四次调查。在每次调查中评估菌落大小，活组织，疾病患病率，蜗牛的捕食，身体损害和其他情况。对每种疾病导致近期死亡的估计效果进行排名，并将这些参数一起用于归因于每种疾病的人群水平组织损失。此外，每年对研究区的所有新菌落进行计数和评估，以追踪菌落总数和活组织丰度的趋势。在2004年至2010年之间，研究人群的生活面积减少了三种主要情况，分别是破碎，疾病和蜗牛捕食，下降了50％以上。这种下降的大约一半发生在灾难性的2005年飓风季节，从那里恢复得很少。同时，在整个研究过程中，菌落丰度已显示出逐渐下降的趋势。蜗牛的捕食是最普遍的情况。但是，它在归因的组织损失方面排在第三位，仅次于2005年飓风季节发生的破裂和疾病。在此研究中未观察到棕榈曲霉的热漂白。由于死亡率继续超过招募和增长的速度，因此采取干预措施来减轻对更易于管理的威胁（包括掠食和破坏）的损失可能会导致对活体组织的实质性保护，从而为缓解棕榈树复苏（例如气候变化和疾病。

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