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首页> 外文期刊>Conservation Biology >Use of Congeneric Assessment to Reveal the Linked Genetic Histories of Two Threatened Fishes in the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia
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Use of Congeneric Assessment to Reveal the Linked Genetic Histories of Two Threatened Fishes in the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia

机译：利用同类评估揭示澳大利亚墨累达令盆地中两条受威胁鱼类的相关遗传历史

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The intensely regulated Murray-Darling Basin in southeastern Australia is the nation's most extensive and economically important river system, and it contains fragmented populations of numerous fish species. Among these is the Murray hardyhead (Craterocephalus fluviatilis), a species listed as endangered (International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List) in the mid-1990s prior to its acute decline with the progression of a severe drought that began in 1997. We compared the genetic structure of Murray hardyhead with 4 congeneric species (Darling hardyhead[C. amniculus], Finke hardyhead[C. centralis], Lake Eyre hardyhead[C. eyresii], and unspecked hardyhead[C. stercusmuscarum]), selected on the basis of their taxonomic or biological similarity to Murray hardyhead, in order to affirm species boundaries and test for instances of introgressive hybridization, which may influence species ecology and conservation prospects. We used allozyme (52 loci) and mtDNA markers (1999 bp of ATPase and cytochrome b) to provide a comparative genetic assessment of 139 Murray hardyhead, which represented all extant and some recently extirpated populations, and 71 congeneric specimens from 12 populations. We confirmed that Murray hardyhead and Darling hardyhead are taxonomically distinct and identified a number of potential conservation units, defined with genetic criteria, in both species. We also found allozyme and mtDNA evidence of historic genetic exchange between these 2 allopatric species, apparently involving one population of each species at the geographic edge of the species' ranges, not in the most proximate populations sampled. Our results provide information on species boundaries and offer insight into the likely causes of high genetic diversity in certain populations, results which are already being used to guide national recovery planning and local action. Given the prevalence of incorrect taxonomies and introgression in many organismal groups, we believe these data point to the need to commence genetic investigations of any threatened species from an initially broad taxonomic focus.
机译：澳大利亚东南部受到严格管制的墨累达令盆地是澳大利亚最广泛，经济上最重要的河流系统，它包含许多鱼类的零散种群。其中包括Murray硬头草（Craterocephalus fluviatilis），该种在1990年代中期被列为濒危物种（国际自然保护联盟红色名录），但随着1997年开始的严重干旱的恶化而急剧下降。在此基础上选择了具有4个同类种的Murray硬头草的遗传结构（Darling hardyhead [C。amniculus]，Finke hardyhead [C。centralis]，Lake Eyre hardyhead [C。eyresii]和未选出的hardyhead [C。stercusmuscarum]）。它们在分类学或生物学上与Murray hardyhead相似，以确认物种边界并测试渐渗杂交实例，这可能会影响物种生态和保护前景。我们使用了同工酶（52个基因座）和mtDNA标记（ATP酶和细胞色素b的1999 bp）进行了139个Murray Hardyhead（代表所有现存和最近灭绝的种群）和来自12个种群的71个同系标本的比较遗传评估。我们确认，Murray Hardyhead和Darling hardyhead在分类学上是不同的，并且在这两个物种中均确定了许多潜在的保守单位，并根据遗传标准进行了定义。我们还发现同工酶和mtDNA证明了这2种异源物种之间的历史性遗传交换，显然涉及每个物种的一个种群，处于该物种范围的地理边缘，而不是最接近的种群。我们的结果提供了有关物种边界的信息，并洞察了某些种群中高遗传多样性的可能原因，这些结果已被用于指导国家恢复计划和地方行动。鉴于许多有机体群体中存在错误的分类法和基因渗入的现象，我们认为这些数据表明有必要从最初广泛的分类学重点开始对任何受威胁物种进行基因研究。

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