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The alignment of agricultural and nature conservation policies in the European Union

机译：欧盟农业与自然保护政策的一致性

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Europe is a region of relatively high population density and productive agriculture subject to substantial government intervention under the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). Many habitats and species of high conservation interest have been created by the maintenance of agricultural practices over long periods. These practices are often no longer profitable, and nature conservation initiatives require government support to cover the cost for them to be continued. The CAP has been reformed both to reduce production of agricultural commodities at costs in excess of world prices and to establish incentives for landholders to adopt voluntary conservation measures. A separate nature conservation policy has established an extensive series of protected sites (Natura 2000) that has, as yet, failed to halt the loss of biodiversity. Additional broader scale approaches have been advocated for conservation in the wider landscape matrix, including the alignment of agricultural and nature conservation policies, which remains a challenge. Possibilities for alignment include further shifting of funds from general support for farmers toward targeted payments for biodiversity goals at larger scales and adoption of an ecosystem approach. The European response to the competing demands for land resources may offer lessons globally as demands on rural land increase.
机译：欧洲是人口密度较高和生产性农业的地区，受到共同农业政策（CAP）的政府大力干预。长期保持农业耕作方式创造了许多具有高度保护意义的生境和物种。这些做法通常不再有利可图，自然保护倡议需要政府的支持，以支付继续进行的费用。 CAP进行了改革，既减少了以超过世界价格的价格生产的农产品的价格，又建立了鼓励土地所有者采取自愿保护措施的激励措施。一项单独的自然保护政策已建立了一系列广泛的保护区（Natura 2000），但至今仍未能阻止生物多样性的丧失。已提倡采用其他更广泛的方法来保护更广泛的景观矩阵，包括调整农业政策和自然保护政策，这仍然是一个挑战。调整的可能性包括将资金从对农民的一般支持中进一步转移到针对生物多样性目标的更大规模的有针对性的支付，以及采用生态系统方式。随着对农村土地需求的增加，欧洲对土地资源竞争需求的反应可能会在全球提供教训。

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