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首页> 外文期刊>Conservation Biology >Association of extinction risk of saproxylic beetles with ecological degradation of forests in Europe
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Association of extinction risk of saproxylic beetles with ecological degradation of forests in Europe

机译：欧洲欧洲森林中sa​​proxyic甲虫的灭绝风险的关联

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To reduce future loss of biodiversity and to allocate conservation funds effectively, the major drivers behind large-scale extinction processes must be identified. A promising approach is to link the red-list status of species and specific traits that connect species of functionally important taxa or guilds to resources they rely on. Such traits can be used to detect the influence of anthropogenic ecosystem changes and conservation efforts on species, which allows for practical recommendations for conservation. We modeled the German Red List categories as an ordinal index of extinction risk of 1025 saproxylic beetles with a proportional-odds linear mixed-effects model for ordered categorical responses. In this model, we estimated fixed effects for intrinsic traits characterizing species biology, required resources, and distribution with phylogenetically correlated random intercepts. The model also allowed predictions of extinction risk for species with no red-list category. Our model revealed a higher extinction risk for lowland and large species as well as for species that rely on wood of large diameter, broad-leaved trees, or open canopy. These results mirror well the ecological degradation of European forests over the last centuries caused by modern forestry, that is the conversion of natural broad-leaved forests to dense conifer-dominated forests and the loss of old growth and dead wood. Therefore, conservation activities aimed at saproxylic beetles in all types of forests in Central and Western Europe should focus on lowlands, and habitat management of forest stands should aim at increasing the amount of dead wood of large diameter, dead wood of broad-leaved trees, and dead wood in sunny areas.
机译：为了减少未来生物多样性的丧失并有效分配保护资金，必须确定大规模灭绝过程的主要驱动力。一种有前途的方法是将物种的红名单状态和特定性状联系起来，以将功能上重要的分类单元或行会的物种与其所依赖的资源联系起来。这些特征可用于检测人为生态系统变化和物种保护工作的影响，从而为保护提出切实可行的建议。我们将德国红色名录类别建模为1025七叶甲虫灭绝风险的有序指数，并使用比例奇数线性混合效应模型进行有序的分类响应。在此模型中，我们估计了表征物种生物学，所需资源以及系统发育相关随机截距分布的固有性状的固定效应。该模型还可以预测没有列入红名单类别的物种的灭绝风险。我们的模型揭示了低地和大型物种以及依赖于大直径木材，阔叶树或敞篷的物种的灭绝风险。这些结果很好地反映了现代林业在过去几个世纪中对欧洲森林造成的生态退化，即天然阔叶林转变为以针叶树为主的茂密森林，以及旧林和枯木的流失。因此，针对中欧和西欧所有类型森林中的圣甲虫的保护活动应侧重于低地，林分生境的管理应旨在增加大直径​​枯木，阔叶乔木的数量，和阳光充足地区的枯木。

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