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首页> 外文期刊>Behavioral neuroscience >Mu-opioid Receptor (OPRM1) Variation, Oxytocin Levels and Maternal Attachment in Free-Ranging Rhesus Macaques Macaca mulatta
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Mu-opioid Receptor (OPRM1) Variation, Oxytocin Levels and Maternal Attachment in Free-Ranging Rhesus Macaques Macaca mulatta

机译：猕猴猕猴中的类阿片受体（OPRM1）变异，催产素水平和母体依恋。

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Understanding the genetic and neuroendocrine basis of the mother-infant bond is critical to understanding mammalian affiliation and attachment. Functionally similar nonsynonymous mu-opioid receptor (OPRM1) SNPs have arisen and been maintained in humans (A118G) and rhesus macaques Macaca mulatta (C77G). In rhesus macaques, variation in OPRM1 predicts individual differences in infant affiliation for mothers. Specifically, infants carrying the G allele show increased distress on separation from their mothers, and spend more time with them upon reunion, than individuals homozygous for the C allele. In humans, individuals possessing the G allele report higher perceptions of emotional pain on receiving rejection by social partners. We studied maternal behavior over the course of a year among free-ranging female rhesus macaques on Cayo Santiago, Puerto Rico. We then trapped females and collected blood samples from which we assessed OPRM1 genotype; we also collected cerebrospinal fluid samples from which we measured oxytocin (OT) levels. We show that females possessing the G allele restrain their infants more (i.e., prevent infants from separating from them by pulling them back) than females homozygous for the C allele. Females possessing the G allele also show higher OT levels when lactating, and lower OT levels when neither lactating nor pregnant, than females homozygous for the C allele. This is the first study to demonstrate an association between OPRM1 genotype and maternal attachment for infants, and is one of the first studies of any free-ranging primate population to link functional genetic variation to behavior via potentially related neuroendocrine mechanisms.
机译：了解母婴结合的遗传和神经内分泌基础对于了解哺乳动物的隶属关系和依恋至关重要。功能相似的非同义mu阿片受体（OPRM1）SNP已出现并在人类（A118G）和猕猴猕猴（C77G）中得到维持。在猕猴中，OPRM1的变化预示着母亲在婴儿关系方面的个体差异。具体而言，与C等位基因纯合的个体相比，携带G等位基因的婴儿在与母亲分离时表现出更大的痛苦，并且在团聚时与他们在一起的时间更多。在人类中，拥有G等位基因的个体在受到社会伙伴的拒绝后，对情绪痛苦的感知更高。我们研究了波多黎各卡约圣地亚哥（Cayo Santiago）自由放养的雌性猕猴在一年中的产妇行为。然后，我们诱捕了雌性并收集了用于评估OPRM1基因型的血液样本。我们还收集了脑脊髓液样本，以此来测量催产素（OT）的水平。我们显示，拥有G等位基因的雌性比C等位基因纯合的雌性对婴儿的约束更多（即，通过拉回婴儿来防止婴儿与婴儿分离）。与C等位基因纯合的女性相比，拥有G等位基因的雌性在哺乳期也显示出较高的OT水平，而在既不哺乳也不怀孕时则显示出较低的OT水平。这是第一项证明OPRM1基因型与婴儿母亲依恋关系的研究，并且是对任何自由放养的灵长类动物种群进行研究的一项研究，该种群通过潜在相关的神经内分泌机制将功能遗传变异与行为联系起来。

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