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Iminium ions as dienophiles in Aza-Diels-Alder reactions: A closer look

机译:亚氮-狄尔斯-阿尔德反应中作为亲二烯体的次离子:近距离观察

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摘要

This review highlights the state of the art of the use of iminium ions as dienophiles in Aza-Diels-Alder (ADA) cycloadditions. An historical survey spanning the very first discovery of the reaction to modern developments, mechanistic studies and synthetic applications of the iminium variant of the ADA (iADA) reaction are presented. The discussion is focused on the intermolecular and intramolecular versions of the iADA reactions that are conducted in aqueous solutions to generate, in situ, the reactive dienophile from an amine hydrochloride and either aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes in the presence of a variety of dienes. The retro-ADA reaction is also presented as an interesting method for the protection of amines. The use of Lewis acid catalysis in these reactions was thoroughly studied by the reactions of different amines and aldehydes conducted in the presence of lanthanide(III) complexes. I'm in ium: A review of the origins, modern developments, mechanistic studies and synthetic applications of the iminium variant of the aza-Diels-Alder (iADA) reaction is presented, and the inter- and intramolecular versions of the iADA reactions that are conducted in aqueous solutions to generate the reactive dienophile in situ are discussed (see scheme).
机译:这篇综述着重介绍了在Aza-Diels-Alder(ADA)环加成中使用亚胺离子作为亲二烯体的最新技术。介绍了一项历史性调查,涵盖了该反应对现代发展的首次发现,机理研究以及ADA(iADA)反应的亚胺基变体的合成应用。讨论的重点是在水溶液中进行的iADA反应的分子间和分子内形式,以在多种二烯存在下从胺盐酸盐和脂肪族或芳香族醛中原位生成反应性亲二烯体。 ADA逆转录反应也被认为是保护胺的有趣方法。通过在镧系元素(III)络合物的存在下进行的不同胺和醛的反应,对路易斯酸催化在这些反应中的应用进行了深入研究。我在ium上:对aza-Diels-Alder(iADA)反应的亚胺基变体的起源,现代发展,机理研究和合成应用进行了综述,并介绍了iADA反应的分子间和分子内版本本文讨论了在水溶液中进行原位生成反应性亲二烯体的过程(参见方案)。

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