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首页> 外文期刊>Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology >Experimental study of REE, Ba, Sr, Mo and W partitioning between carbonatitic melt and aqueous fluid with implications for rare metal mineralization
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Experimental study of REE, Ba, Sr, Mo and W partitioning between carbonatitic melt and aqueous fluid with implications for rare metal mineralization

机译：碳酸盐熔体与含水流体之间的REE，Ba，Sr，Mo和W分配的实验研究对稀有金属矿化有影响

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摘要

Carbonatites host some unique ore deposits, especially rare earth elements (REE). Hydrothermal fluids have been proposed to play a significant role in the concentration and transport of REE and other rare metals in carbonatites, but experimental constraints on fluid-melt equilibria in carbonatitic systems are sparse. Here we present an experimental study of trace element (REE, Ba, Sr, Mo and W) partitioning between hydrous fluids and carbonatitic melts, bearing on potential hydrothermal activity associated with carbonatite ore-forming systems. The experiments were performed on mixtures of synthetic carbonate melts and aqueous fluids at 700-800 degrees C and 100-200 MPa using rapid-quench cold-seal pressure vessels and double-capsule assemblages with diamond traps for analyzing fluid precipitates in the outer capsule. Starting mixtures were composed of Ca, Mg and Na carbonates spiked with trace elements. Small amounts of F or Cl were added to some of the mixtures to study the effects of halogens on the element distribution. The results show that REE, Ba, Sr, Mo and W all preferentially partition into carbonatite melt and have fluid-melt distribution coefficients (D-f/m) below unity. The REE partitioning is slightly dependent on the major element (Ca, Mg and Na) composition of the starting mixtures, and it is influenced by temperature, pressure, and the presence of halogens. The fluid-melt D values of individual REE vary from 0.02 to 0.15 with D-Lu(f/m) being larger than D-La(f/m) by a factor of 1.1-2. The halogens F and Cl have strong and opposite effects on the REE partitioning. Fluid-melt D-REE are about three times higher in F-bearing compositions and ten times lower in Cl-bearing compositions than in halogen-free systems. D-W(f/m) and D-Mo(f/m) are the highest among the studied elements and vary between 0.6 and 0.7; D-Ba(f/m) is between 0.05 and 0.09, whereas D-Sr(f/m) is at about 0.01-0.02. The results imply that carbonatite-related REE deposits were probably formed by fractional crystallization of carbonatitic melts rather than from exsolved hydrothermal fluids. The same appears to be true for a carbonatite-related Mo deposit recently discovered in China.
机译：碳酸盐岩拥有一些独特的矿床，尤其是稀土元素（REE）。已经提出了热液在碳酸盐岩中稀土元素和其他稀有金属的浓度和传输中起着重要作用，但是对碳酸盐岩体系中流体熔体平衡的实验约束很少。在这里，我们对含碳流体成矿系统潜在的水热活动进行了实验研究，研究了微量元素（REE，Ba，Sr，Mo和W）在含水流体和碳酸盐熔体之间的分配。实验是在700-800摄氏度和100-200 MPa的合成碳酸盐熔体和水性流体的混合物上进行的，使用的是快速淬火的冷封压力容器和带有金刚石阱的双胶囊组件，用于分析外囊中的流体沉淀物。起始混合物由掺有微量元素的碳酸钙，镁和碳酸钠组成。向某些混合物中添加少量F或Cl，以研究卤素对元素分布的影响。结果表明，REE，Ba，Sr，Mo和W均优先分配到碳酸盐岩熔体中，并且其熔体分配系数（D-f / m）小于1。稀土元素分配在某种程度上取决于起始混合物中主要元素（钙，镁和钠）的组成，并且受温度，压力和卤素的存在的影响。单个REE的熔体D值在0.02到0.15之间变化，D-Lu（f / m）比D-La（f / m）大1.1-2倍。卤素F和Cl对REE分配具有强烈而相反的作用。与不含卤素的体系相比，含氟组合物的熔体D-REE高约3倍，含Cl组合物的低约10倍。在所研究的元素中，D-W（f / m）和D-Mo（f / m）最高，在0.6至0.7之间变化。 D-Ba（f / m）在0.05到0.09之间，而D-Sr（f / m）在0.01-0.02左右。结果表明，与碳酸盐岩有关的REE沉积物可能是由碳酸盐熔体的分步结晶形成的，而不是由溶解的热液形成的。最近在中国发现的与碳酸盐岩有关的钼矿床似乎也是如此。

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