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首页> 外文期刊>Current Science: A Fortnightly Journal of Research >Microbial mobilization of soil phosphorus and sustainable P management in agricultural soils
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Microbial mobilization of soil phosphorus and sustainable P management in agricultural soils

机译：农业土壤中磷的微生物动员与磷的可持续管理

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摘要

Phosphorus plays a vital role in maintaining soil fertility and securing global food supply by being crucial for plant, human and animal life. Globally phosphorus is mined from geological sediments and most of the mined P is added to agricultural soils to meet the critical need of crop plants for agronomic productivity. However, recovery of P by plants is abysmally low and major amount of added P is fixed in the soil creating a need for addition of P fertilizer. Microorganisms play a fundamental role in mobilizing inorganic and organic P in the soil and the rhizosphere. Wide variety of bacteria, fungi and endophytes solubilizes insoluble P through the production of organic acids, a feature which is genetically controlled and can be suitably manipulated to produce efficient transgenic strains. Plant inoculations with phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (PSMs) during field studies, however, had inconsistent effect on plant growth and crop yields due to variations in soil, crop and environmental factors affecting the survival and colonization of the rhizosphere. Increasing availability of soil P through microbial inoculation will necessitate identification of the most appropriate strains, preparation of effective formulations, and introduction of efficient agronomic managements to ensure delivery and survival of inoculants and associated improvement of P efficiency.
机译：磷对植物，人类和动物的生命至关重要，因此在维持土壤肥力和确保全球粮食供应方面起着至关重要的作用。在全球范围内，磷是从地质沉积物中开采的，大部分开采的磷都添加到了农业土壤中，以满足农作物对农业生产力的关键需求。然而，植物对磷的回收率非常低，并且大量的磷被固定在土壤中，因此需要添加磷肥。微生物在动员土壤和根际中的无机和有机磷方面起着基本作用。各种各样的细菌，真菌和内生菌通过产生有机酸来增溶不溶性P，这是一种遗传控制的特征，可以适当地操纵以产生有效的转基因菌株。然而，由于土壤，作物和环境因素的变化会影响根际的生存和定殖，因此在田间研究中，用磷酸盐增溶性微生物（PSM）接种植物对植物生长和农作物产量的影响不一致。通过微生物接种来增加土壤磷的利用率将需要鉴定最合适的菌株，制备有效的制剂，并引入有效的农艺管理方法以确保接种物的递送和存活以及磷效率的相关改善。

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