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Biodiversity hotspot of Bhutan and its sustainability

机译：不丹的生物多样性热点及其可持续性

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Biodiversity is measured at different levels of biological set up together with genes, species and ecosystems along with their interactions. There are a total of 34 biodiversity hotspots in the world, among which the Eastern Himalayan (EH) range is one of the richest with nearly 750,000 sq. km area covering Nepal, Bhutan, and the Indian states of West Bengal, Sikkim, Assam and Arunachal Pradesh, southeast Tibet (China) and northern Myanmar. Among these countries, Bhutan is the only one sharing all its land area as the EH region occupying a major share of 7.60% of the total EH area. Bhutan is part of 23 important bird areas, 8 ecoregions, important plant areas and wet-lands with 2 Ramsar areas - Tashiyangtse and Wangdue. It is also among the exclusive biodiversity hotspots in the world where forest coverage has increased above 72% of the country's total area. The country is gifted with enormous forest cover of 70.46% of the total land part. It also has 10 protected areas (PAs) with biological corridors that are home to mass populations of vulnerable Takin, endangered one-horn rhino, pigmy hog, leopard, red panda, etc. and also varying bird species. Bhutan also has many hot-water springs which are believed to have medicinal properties to cure diseases. The EH is now experiencing widespread warming higher than 0.01 degrees C per year. Due to global warming, slow melting of the EH glaciers may cause huge floods in Bhutan in future resulting into loss of keystone species. India may also be affected by these future floods. In order to achieve sustainable development using this unique biodiversity hotspot, management of PAs, use of non-timber products and less urbanization are required.
机译：生物多样性是在不同的生物水平上与基因，物种和生态系统及其相互作用进行测量的。世界上共有34个生物多样性热点，其中喜马拉雅东部（EH）范围是最丰富的热点之一，面积近75万平方公​​里，覆盖尼泊尔，不丹和印度西孟加拉邦，锡金，阿萨姆邦和阿鲁纳恰尔邦，西藏东南部（中国）和缅甸北部。在这些国家中，不丹是唯一一个拥有全部土地面积的国家，因为EH地区占据了EH总面积的7.60％。不丹是23个重要鸟类区，8个生态区，重要植物区和湿地的一部分，其中有2个拉姆萨尔地区-Tashiyangtse和Wangdue。它也是世界上唯一的生物多样性热点地区，森林覆盖面积已增加到该国总面积的72％以上。该国森林资源丰富，占土地总面积的70.46％。它还有10个带有生物走廊的保护区（PA），这些走廊有大量脆弱的扭角羚，濒临灭绝的单角犀牛，猪猪，豹，小熊猫等，还有各种各样的鸟类。不丹还有许多温泉，据信具有治疗疾病的药用特性。 EH现在正在经历每年超过0.01摄氏度的普遍升温。由于全球变暖，EH冰川的缓慢融化可能会在未来的不丹引起巨大的洪灾，从而导致关键物种的流失。印度可能还会受到这些未来洪水的影响。为了利用这一独特的生物多样性热点地区实现可持续发展，需要管理保护区，使用非木材产品和减少城市化。

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