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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Evaluation of technologies for improving year-round production of safe vegetables in peri-urban agriculture of Southeast Asia.
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Evaluation of technologies for improving year-round production of safe vegetables in peri-urban agriculture of Southeast Asia.

机译：评估改善东南亚郊区农业中全年安全蔬菜生产的技术。

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One of the major objectives in the development of peri-urban agriculture in Southeast Asia is to enhance food security by increasing year-round supplies of safe and nutritious vegetables for rapidly growing urban population. AVRDC-The World Vegetable Center in collaboration with CIRAD, French MOFA, and the national agricultural research systems of Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Vietnam initiated the SUSPER Project in 2002 to introduce and evaluate potential technologies for increasing year-round safe vegetable production. Such technologies include year-round vegetable growing under rain shelters, grafting, and low net tunnel for production of safe leafy vegetables. On-station and on-farm trials conducted over three years (2002-2005) growing seasons indicated increased yields of most vegetables grown under shelter compared to open field. However, the risk of damage on shelters is high during wet season when incidence of typhoons is frequent leading to low yield or total crop loss. Grafting of tomato onto eggplant rootstocks improved plant survival (90-100%) to flooding and increased tolerance to bacterial wilt leading to better yields (50-100%) compared with non-grafted tomato plants. The agronomic and economic benefits of grafted tomato were realized during the hot-wet production season when market price of tomato is higher than paddy rice. In all sites, the use of low net tunnel was successful in producing safe leafy vegetables. Leafy vegetables such as pak choi, Chinese kale, choysum, and green mustard grown under tunnel had less damage due to heavy rain and insect pests compared to crops grown in open field. This resulted in reduced number of insect spray, better quality, and higher marketable yield. Among the three technologies introduced and evaluated by farmers, tomato grafting will likely result in greater impact as indicated by increased adoption.
机译：东南亚郊区农业发展的主要目标之一是通过为快速增长的城市人口增加常年供应的安全和营养蔬菜来增强粮食安全。 AVRDC-世界蔬菜中心与CIRAD，法国MOFA以及柬埔寨，老挝和越南的国家农业研究系统合作，于2002年启动了SUSPER项目，以引入和评估可提高全年安全蔬菜产量的潜在技术。这些技术包括常年在雨棚下种植蔬菜，嫁接和用于生产安全多叶蔬菜的低净度隧道。在三年（2002年至2005年）生长季节进行的站内和农场试验表明，与露地相比，大多数在庇护下种植的蔬菜单产提高。但是，在潮湿季节，台风的发生频繁导致单产下降或农作物总损失，对庇护所的破坏风险很高。与未移植的番茄植株相比，将番茄嫁接到茄子砧木上可提高植株对洪泛的存活率（90-100％），并提高对青枯病的耐受性，从而提高产量（50-100％）。在番茄市场价格高于水稻价格的热湿生产季节，嫁接番茄实现了农业经济效益。在所有地点，使用低净度隧道成功生产了安全的带叶蔬菜。与在露天田地种植的农作物相比，在隧道下种植的白菜，青菜，羽衣甘蓝和芥菜等叶菜类蔬菜因大雨和害虫而受到的损害较小。这导致减少了昆虫喷雾的数量，提高了质量，并提高了可销售的产量。在农民引进和评估的三项技术中，番茄的嫁接可能会产生更大的影响，如采用量的增加所表明的。

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