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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Outbreak of a lethal wilt form of gold kiwifruit, Actinidia chinensis 'Hort16A' in Chile.
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Outbreak of a lethal wilt form of gold kiwifruit, Actinidia chinensis 'Hort16A' in Chile.

机译：智利的猕猴桃 Actinidia chinensis 'Hort16A'的致命枯萎形式爆发。

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摘要

Growing of ZESPRIReg. Gold kiwifruit, Actinidia chinensis Planch. 'Hort16A', under licence in Chile began in 2003. By 2006, 150 ha of 'Hort16A' had been established, and vines started dying within 2 years. By the end of the 2008-2009 growing season, as many as 80% of the plants in several orchards had died. The disease was characterized by a sudden wilting and dieback of plants any time during the growing season. In the spring, entire plants or parts of plants failed to break bud. In others, the buds broke, but juvenile leaf clusters then wilted and died. On severely affected plants, scion water shoots wilted and died. The disease was apparently most severe in sites that had been planted to Gold kiwifruit immediately after removal of apple, pear, citrus, or grape. Orchards planted following long-term maize, wheat, or grass culture were almost disease free. A fungus was consistently isolated from symptomatic vascular tissue. On the basis of morphological characteristics and by sequencing part of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region with primers ITS1 and ITS4, the fungus was identified as Verticillium albo-atrum Reinke & Berthier. To complete pathogenicity tests, 20 healthy, one-year-old A. deliciosa (A. Chev.) C.F. Liang & A.R. Ferguson 'Hayward', A. chinensis 'Hort16A' and A. chinensis 'Hort 16A'/A. deliciosa 'Bruno' seedling rootstocks, were inoculated. Eight weeks after inoculation, typical wilting and dieback symptoms developed on 90% of the plants. Control plants dipped in sterile distilled water remained healthy. Verticillium wilt has never been reported on kiwifruit (A. deliciosa) in Chile. V. albo-atrum has a rather narrow host range and is mainly reported as a pathogen on alfalfa, hop, soybean, tomato, and potato. This is the first report of V. albo-atrum causing wilt and dieback on Gold kiwifruit (A. chinensis) 'Hort16A'.
机译：ZESPRIReg的成长。金奇异果，中华猕猴桃 Planch。 “ Hort16A”在智利获得许可，始于2003年。到2006年，已经建立了150公顷的“ Hort16A”，并且葡萄藤在两年内开始死亡。到2008-2009年生长季节结束时，几个果园中多达80％的植物已经死亡。该病的特征是在生长季节的任何时间突然枯萎和死亡。在春季，整个植物或植物的一部分都没有断芽。在另一些中，芽破裂了，但是幼叶簇随后枯萎而死亡。在受严重影响的植物上，接穗水芽枯萎死亡。该病显然是在除去苹果，梨，柑橘或葡萄后立即种上金奇异果的地方最严重的。长期种植玉米，小麦或草后种植的果园几乎无病。始终从有症状的血管组织中分离出一种真菌。根据形态特征，通过用引物ITS1和ITS4对内部转录间隔区（ITS）的一部分进行测序，将真菌鉴定为黄萎病菌> Reinke＆Berthier。为了完成致病性测试，需要使用20名健康的一岁婴儿。 deliciosa （A. Chev。）C.F.梁＆A.R.弗格森“海沃德”， A。 。 接种了deliciosa “ Bruno”幼苗砧木。接种八周后，90％的植物出现了典型的萎wil和枯死症状。浸在无菌蒸馏水中的对照植物仍然健康。智利的奇异果（ A。deliciosa ）从未出现黄萎病。 V。 albo-atrum 的寄主范围很窄，主要报道为苜蓿，啤酒花，大豆，番茄和马铃薯的病原体。这是 V的第一份报告。 albo-atrum 导致金奇异果（ A。chinensis ）'Hort16A'枯萎和死亡。

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