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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Environmental impact assessment of Dutch tomato crop production in a Venlo glasshouse.
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Environmental impact assessment of Dutch tomato crop production in a Venlo glasshouse.

机译：在Venlo温室中对荷兰番茄作物生产的环境影响评估。

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This environmental impact assessment of the current situation of Dutch tomato production in a Venlo greenhouse in a temperate climate was developed as part of the EUPHOROS project. The project aims to develop a more sustainable greenhouse system with a reduction of external inputs yet with high productivity and an efficient use of resources. The environmental impact analysis was based on using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology as defined by the ISO 14040. The crop production system was structured in several stages and processes to facilitate the study and interpretation of results. The stages considered were structure, auxiliary equipment, climate control system, fertilizers, pesticides and waste. The main results and issues to be improved are described and presented in this paper. The use of a cogeneration system (CHP) and the consequent production of electricity create a methodological question on how to handle allocation between products. This paper shows two different methods for dealing with co-production: considering electricity as an avoided product and energy allocation at CHP. Depending on the approach considered values can range between 12 to 31 MJ/kg of tomato or 0.78 to 2.0 kg CO2 eq/kg of tomato for instance. Climate control system had a high energy demand with major contributions to all the impact categories (81.1 to 96.1% of the total) and the rockwool substrate accounted for 57.0 to 81.7% of the auxiliary equipment contribution. More effort should be made to recycle rockwool and reduce the high energy demand associated with the expansion of the mineral in the manufacturing processes. The structure was a major burden due to the high amount of steel and glass. Energy environmental impacts could be reduced, because of the avoided electricity production by the power plant, by using a combined heat and power plant to meet greenhouse electricity demands, resulting in a surplus which could be delivered to the public grid. Further research should also be oriented to developing efficient technologies to improve the intensive use of materials and energy.
机译：作为EUPHOROS项目的一部分，对环境温带的芬洛温室中的荷兰番茄生产现状进行了环境影响评估。该项目旨在开发一种更具可持续性的温室系统，减少外部投入，但具有高生产率和资源有效利用的特点。环境影响分析是基于ISO 14040定义的生命周期评估（LCA）方法进行的。农作物生产系统分为多个阶段和过程进行构建，以促进对结果的研究和解释。考虑的阶段是结构，辅助设备，气候控制系统，肥料，农药和废物。本文描述并提出了主要结果和有待改进的问题。热电联产系统（CHP）的使用以及随之产生的电力产生了关于如何处理产品之间分配的方法论问题。本文展示了两种处理联产的不同方法：将电视为一种避免的产品，并在热电联产中分配能源。根据方法的不同，所考虑的值可以在12至31 MJ / kg番茄之间或0.78至2.0 kg CO 2 当量/ kg番茄之间。气候控制系统对能源的需求很高，对所有影响类别的贡献最大（占总数的81.1％至96.1％），岩棉基质占辅助设备贡献的57.0％至81.7％。应该付出更多的努力来回收岩棉，并减少与制造过程中矿物膨胀相关的高能量需求。由于大量的钢和玻璃，结构成为主要负担。通过使用热电联产厂来满足温室电力需求，可以避免发电厂发电，从而减少能源环境影响，从而可以将多余的电能输送到公共电网。进一步的研究也应着眼于开发有效的技术，以改善材料和能源的密集使用。

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