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首页> 外文期刊>American Journal of Physiology >Determinants of intramyocellular triglyceride turnover: implications for insulin sensitivity
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Determinants of intramyocellular triglyceride turnover: implications for insulin sensitivity

机译：肌内甘油三酸酯周转率的决定因素：对胰岛素敏感性的影响

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First published November 14, 2007; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00624.2007.-Increased intramyocellular triglyceride (IMTG) content is found in both insulin-sensitive endurance-trained subjects and insulin-resistant obese/type 2 diabetic subjects. A high turnover rate of the IMTG pool in athletes is proposed to reduce accumulation of lipotoxic intermediates interfering with insulin signaling. IMTG turnover is a composite measure of the dynamic balance between lipolysis and lipid synthesis; both are influenced by mitochondrial fat oxidation and plasma free fatty acid availability. Therefore, more attention should be given to the factors controlling the rate of turnover of IMTG. In this review, particular attention has been given to muscle oxidative capacity, plasma free fatty acid availability, and IMTG hydrolysis (lipolysis) and synthesis. A higher oxidative, lipolytic, and lipid storage capacity in the muscle of endurance-trained subjects reflects a higher fractional turnover of the IMTG pool. Thus the co-localization of intermyofibrillar lipid droplets and mitochondria allows for a fine coupling of lipolysis of the IMTG pool to mitochondrial beta-oxidation. Conversely, reduced oxidative capacity and a mismatch between IMTG lipolysis and beta-oxida-tion might be detrimental to insulin sensitivity by generating several lipotoxic intermediates in sedentary populations including obese/type 2 diabetic subjects. Further studies are clearly required to better understand the relationship between the rate of turnover of IMTG and the accumulation of lipotoxic intermediates in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance.
机译：首次发布于2007年11月14日; doi：10.1152 / ajpendo.00624.2007。-胰岛素敏感性耐力训练的受试者和胰岛素抵抗性肥胖/ 2型糖尿病受试者均发现肌内甘油三酯（IMTG）含量增加。提出了运动员IMTG池的高周转率，以减少干扰胰岛素信号传导的脂毒性中间体的积累。 IMTG周转率是脂解和脂质合成之间动态平衡的综合量度;两者都受线粒体脂肪氧化和血浆游离脂肪酸利用率的影响。因此，应更加注意控制IMTG周转率的因素。在这篇综述中，特别关注了肌肉的氧化能力，血浆游离脂肪酸的利用率以及IMTG水解（脂解）和合成。耐力训练对象的肌肉中较高的氧化，脂解和脂质存储能力反映了IMTG池的更高的周转率。因此，肌原纤维间脂质滴和线粒体的共定位允许IMTG池的脂解与线粒体β-氧化的精细耦合。相反，降低的氧化能力以及IMTG脂解作用和β-氧化作用之间的不匹配可能会通过在久坐的人群（包括肥胖/ 2型糖尿病患者）中产生几种脂毒性中间体而损害胰岛素敏感性。显然需要进一步研究以更好地理解胰岛素抵抗的病理生理学中IMTG的周转率与脂毒性中间体的积累之间的关系。

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