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首页> 外文期刊>Cortex: A Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior >Evidence for reduced efficiency and successful compensation in older adults during task switching
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Evidence for reduced efficiency and successful compensation in older adults during task switching

机译：任务转换期间老年人效率降低和成功补偿的证据

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Older adults often show different functional activation patterns than younger adults in prefrontal cortex (PFC) when performing cognitive control tasks. These differences include age-related increases in PFC activation magnitude and reorganized PFC functional connectivity (fC) patterns. However, it remains unclear whether age-related alterations in brain activation patterns reflect a positive mechanism (e.g., compensatory response) or a sign of brain dysfunction (e.g., reduced efficiency). Here we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to compare PFC activation magnitudes and PFC connectivity patterns between younger and older adult groups during performance of a task switching paradigm. Results indicated age-related increases both in PFC activation magnitudes and in PFC fC with inferotemporal (IT) regions. However, these age-related fMRI increases were differentially associated with task performance. Whereas increased PFC activation magnitudes tended to be either unrelated to task RT or associated with poorer task performance, increased PFC-IT connectivity was associated with better task performance in older adults. Our results suggest that age-related reductions in efficiency and successful compensation can co-exist in older adults in the context of the same task. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：当执行认知控制任务时，老年人在前额叶皮层（PFC）中通常表现出与年轻人不同的功能激活方式。这些差异包括与年龄相关的PFC激活幅度增加和重组的PFC功能连接（fC）模式。但是，尚不清楚与年龄相关的大脑激活模式的改变是否反映出一种积极的机制（例如，代偿性反应）或一种脑功能障碍的迹象（例如，效率降低）。在这里，我们使用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）来比较在执行任务切换范例期间，年轻人和老年人群之间的PFC激活幅度和PFC连接模式。结果表明与年龄相关的PFC激活幅度和颞下（IT）区域的PFC fC均增加。但是，这些与年龄相关的功能磁共振成像的增加与任务绩效存在差异。 PFC激活幅度的增加往往与任务RT不相关或与较差的任务性能有关，而PFC-IT连接性的增加与老年人的较好任务性能有关。我们的结果表明，在同一任务的背景下，与年龄相关的效率降低和成功的补偿可以在老年人中共存。 （C）2014 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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