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Measurement of air refractive index fluctuation based on interferometry with two different reference cavity lengths

机译：基于干涉测量的两种不同参考腔长度的空气折射率波动测量

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摘要

A measurement method based on interferometry with two different reference cavity lengths is presented and applied in air refractive index measurement in which the two cavity lengths and a laser wavelength are combined to generate two wavelength equivalents of cavity. Corresponding calculation equations are derived, and the optical path configuration is designed, which is inspired by the traditional synthetic wavelength method. Theoretical analyses indicate that the measurement uncertainty of the determined index of refraction is about 2.3 × 10~(-8), which is mainly affected by the length precision of the long vacuum cavity and the ellipticity of polarization components of the dual-frequency laser, and the range of non-ambiguity is 3.0 × 10~(-5), which is decided by the length difference of the two cavities. Experiment results show that the accuracy of air refractive index measurement is better than 5.0 × 10~(-8) when the laboratory conditions changes slowly. The merit of the presented method is that the classical refractometry can be also used without evacuation of the gas cavity during the experiment. Furthermore, the application of the traditional synthetic wavelength method may be extended by using the wavelength equivalents of cavity, any value of which can be easily acquired by changing cavity length rather than using actual wavelengths whose number is limited.
机译：提出了一种基于干涉法的具有两个不同参考腔长的测量方法，并将其应用于空气折射率测量中，该方法将两个腔长和一个激光波长相结合以产生两个波长当量的腔。推导了相应的计算公式，并设计了光路配置，这是受传统合成波长方法的启发。理论分析表明，确定的折射率的测量不确定度约为2.3×10〜（-8），主要受长真空腔的长度精度和双频激光器偏振分量的椭圆率的影响，无歧义度的范围为3.0×10〜（-5），由两个腔的长度差决定。实验结果表明，在实验室条件缓慢变化的情况下，空气折射率的测量精度优于5.0×10〜（-8）。提出的方法的优点在于，在实验过程中也可以使用经典的折光仪，而无需排空气腔。此外，可以通过使用腔的波长当量来扩展传统的合成波长方法的应用，通过改变腔的长度而不是使用数量有限的实际波长，可以容易地获取其任何值。

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