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首页> 外文期刊>Critical reviews in microbiology >Signaling through protein kinases and transcriptional regulators in Candida albicans.
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Signaling through protein kinases and transcriptional regulators in Candida albicans.

机译:通过白色念珠菌中的蛋白激酶和转录调节子进行信号传递。

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摘要

The human fungal pathogen Candida albicans switches from a budding yeast form to a polarized hyphal form in response to various external signals. This morphogenetic switching has been implicated in the development of pathogenicity. Several signaling pathways that regulate morphogenesis have been identified, including various transcription factors that either activate or repress hypha-specific genes. Two well-characterized pathways include the MAP kinase cascade and cAMP-dependent protein kinase pathway that regulate the transcription factors Cph1p and Efg1p, respectively. cAMP also appears to interplay with other second messengers: Ca2+, inositol tri-phosphates in regulating yeast-hyphal transition. Other, less-characterized pathways include two component histidine kinases, cyclin-dependent kinase pathway, and condition specific pathways such as pH and embedded growth conditions. Nrg1 and Rfg1 function as transcriptional repressors of hyphal genes via recruitment of Tup1 co-repressor complex. Differentupstream signals converge into a common downstream output during hyphal switch. The levels of expression of several genes have been shown to be associated with hyphal morphogenesis rather than with a specific hypha-inducing condition. Hyphal development is also linked to the expression of a range of other virulence factors. This review explains the relative contribution of multiple pathways that could be used by Candida albican cells to sense subtle differences in the growth conditions of its native host environment.
机译:人类真菌病原体白色念珠菌响应各种外部信号,从发芽的酵母形式转变为极化的菌丝形式。这种形态发生转换已牵涉到致病性的发展。已经确定了调节形态发生的几种信号传导途径,包括激活或抑制菌丝特异性基因的各种转录因子。两种特征明确的途径包括分别调节转录因子Cph1p和Efg1p的MAP激酶级联和cAMP依赖性蛋白激酶途径。 cAMP也似乎与其他第二信使相互作用:Ca2 +,肌醇三磷酸调节酵母-菌丝的转化。其他特征较少的途径包括组氨酸激酶的两个组成部分,细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶途径和条件特异性途径,例如pH和嵌入的生长条件。 Nrg1和Rfg1通过招募Tup1协同阻遏物复合体充当菌丝基因的转录阻遏物。在菌丝切换过程中,不同的上游信号会汇聚成一个公共的下游输出。已显示几种基因的表达水平与菌丝形态发生有关,而不是与特定的菌丝诱导条件有关。菌丝的发育也与一系列其他毒力因子的表达有关。这篇评论解释了白色念珠菌细胞可以用来感知其天然宿主环境的生长条件中细微差异的多种途径的相对贡献。

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