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Kinetic description of rotating Tokamak plasmas with anisotropic temperatures in the collisionless regime

机译：在无碰撞状态下具有各向异性温度的旋转托卡马克等离子体的动力学描述

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A largely unsolved theoretical issue in controlled fusion research is the consistent kinetic treatment of slowly-time varying plasma states occurring in collisionless and magnetized axisymmetric plasmas. The phenomenology may include finite pressure anisotropies as well as strong toroidal and poloidal differential rotation, characteristic of Tokamak plasmas. Despite the fact that physical phenomena occurring in fusion plasmas depend fundamentally on the microscopic particle phase-space dynamics, their consistent kinetic treatment remains still essentially unchallenged to date. The goal of this paper is to address the problem within the framework of Vlasov-Maxwell description. The gyrokinetic treatment of charged particles dynamics is adopted for the construction of asymptotic solutions for the quasi-stationary species kinetic distribution functions. These are expressed in terms of the particle exact and adiabatic invariants. The theory relies on a perturbative approach, which permits to construct asymptotic analytical solutions of the Vlasov-Maxwell system. In this way, both diamagnetic and energy corrections are included consistently into the theory. In particular, by imposing suitable kinetic constraints, the existence of generalized bi-Maxwellian asymptotic kinetic equilibria is pointed out. The theory applies for toroidal rotation velocity of the order of the ion thermal speed. These solutions satisfy identically also the constraints imposed by the Maxwell equations, i.e., quasi-neutrality and Ampere's law. As a result, it is shown that, in the presence of nonuniform fluid and EM fields, these kinetic equilibria can sustain simultaneously toroidal differential rotation, quasi-stationary finite poloidal flows and temperature anisotropy.
机译：受控聚变研究中一个尚未解决的理论问题是对无碰撞和磁化轴对称等离子体中发生的随时间变化的等离子体状态进行一致的动力学处理。现象学可能包括有限压力各向异性以及Tokamak等离子体所特有的强环形和极向旋转差。尽管发生在熔融等离子体中的物理现象从根本上取决于微观粒子的相空间动力学，但迄今为止，它们的一致动力学处理仍然基本上没有受到挑战。本文的目的是在Vlasov-Maxwell描述的框架内解决该问题。对拟平稳物种动力学分布函数采用渐近解的构造采用带电粒子动力学的陀螺动力学处理。这些以粒子精确和绝热不变量表示。该理论基于摄动法，该方法允许构造Vlasov-Maxwell系统的渐近解析解。这样，抗磁校正和能量校正都一贯地包含在理论中。特别地，通过施加适当的动力学约束，指出了广义双麦克斯韦渐近动力学平衡点的存在。该理论适用于环形旋转速度，其约为离子热速度。这些解也同样满足了麦克斯韦方程所施加的约束，即准中性和安培定律。结果表明，在存在不均匀流体和电磁场的情况下，这些动平衡可以同时维持环面微分旋转，准平稳有限极向流动和温度各向异性。

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