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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience >Preparing the Periphery for a Subsequent Behavior: Motor Neuronal Activity during Biting Generates Little Force but Prepares a Retractor Muscle to Generate Larger Forces during Swallowing in Aplysia
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Preparing the Periphery for a Subsequent Behavior: Motor Neuronal Activity during Biting Generates Little Force but Prepares a Retractor Muscle to Generate Larger Forces during Swallowing in Aplysia

机译：为随后的行为做好周围准备：咬人期间的运动神经元活动产生的力很小，但准备吞咽时在牵张肌中产生更大的力。

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摘要

Some behaviors occur in obligatory sequence, such as reaching before grasping an object. Can the earlier behavior serve to prepare the musculature for the later behavior? If it does, what is the underlying neural mechanism of the preparation? To address this question, we examined two feeding behaviors in the marine mollusk Aplysia californica, one of which must precede the second: biting and swallowing. Biting is an attempt to grasp food. When that attempt is successful, the animal immediately switches to swallowing to ingest food. The main muscle responsible for pulling food into the buccal cavity during swallowing is the I3 muscle, whose motor neurons B6, B9, and B3 have been previously identified. By performing recordings from these neurons in vivo in intact, behaving animals or in vitro in a suspended buccal mass preparation, we demonstrated that the frequencies and durations of these motor neurons increased from biting to swallowing. Using the physiological patterns of activation to drive these neurons intracellularly, we further demonstrated that activating them using biting-like frequencies and durations, either alone or in combination, generated little or no force in the I3 muscle. When biting-like patterns preceded swallowing-like patterns, however, the forces during the subsequent swallowing-like patterns were significantly enhanced. Sequences of swallowing-like patterns, either with these neurons alone or in combination, further enhanced forces in the I3 muscle. These results suggest a novel mechanism for enhancing force production in a muscle, and may be relevant to understanding motor control in vertebrates.
机译：某些行为是强制性发生的，例如在抓住物体之前先到达。较早的行为可以为以后的行为做好准备吗？如果是的话，制剂的潜在神经机制是什么？为了解决这个问题，我们研究了海生软体动物海螺中的两种进食行为，其中一种必须先于第二种：咬和吞咽。咬人是试图抓住食物。成功尝试后，动物立即转换为吞咽以摄取食物。吞咽过程中负责将食物吸入颊腔的主要肌肉是I3肌肉，其运动神经元B6，B9和B3先前已被确定。通过完整地记录动物体内的这些神经元的行为，行为或在颊颊悬浮制剂中进行的体外实验，我们证明了这些运动神经元的频率和持续时间从咬到吞咽都增加了。使用激活的生理模式在细胞内驱动这些神经元，我们进一步证明了使用类似咬合的频率和持续时间激活它们，无论是单独还是组合使用，在I3肌肉中几乎不会产生力。但是，当在吞咽样模式之前出现咬样模式时，随后的吞咽样模式期间的力会显着增强。单独或与这些神经元组合的吞咽样模式序列进一步增强了I3肌肉的力量。这些结果表明增加肌肉中力量产生的新机制，可能与了解脊椎动物的运动控制有关。

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