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首页> 外文期刊>Current Biology: CB >Olfactory shifts parallel superspecialism for toxic fruit in Drosophila melanogaster sibling, D-sechellia
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Olfactory shifts parallel superspecialism for toxic fruit in Drosophila melanogaster sibling, D-sechellia

机译：嗅觉改变了果蝇果蝇兄弟姐妹中有毒果实的平行超专一性

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摘要

Olfaction in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is increasingly understood, from ligand-receptor-neuron combinations [1-4] to their axonal projection patterns into the antennal lobe [5, 6]. Drosophila thus offers an excellent opportunity to study the evolutionary and ecological dynamics of olfactory systems. We compared the structure and function of the generalist D. melanogaster with that of specialist D. sechellia, which oviposits exclusively on morinda fruit [7]. Our analyses show that whereas the fruit's headspace was dominated by acids, antennae responded most strongly to hexanoates. D. sechellia exhibited an extraordinarily strong response to methyl hexanoate (MeHex). Behaviorally, D. sechellia was much more attracted to these morinda fruit volatiles than was D. melanogaster. The high sensitivity to MeHex was paralleled by a 2.5x-3x overrepresentation of MeHex neurons on the antenna and a concordant 2.9x increase in volume of the corresponding glomerulus as compared to D. melanogaster. In addition, the MeHex neuron exhibited an extreme sensitivity down to femtograms of its ligand. In contrast, no peripherally mediated shift was found paralleling D. sechellia's increased attraction to acids. These findings are a demonstration of evolution acting at several levels in the olfactory circuitry in mediating a fruit fly's unique preference for fruit toxic to its sibling species [8-10].
机译：从配体-受体-神经元的组合[1-4]到它们的轴突投影到触角叶[5，6]，果蝇中的果蝇嗅觉得到了越来越多的了解。果蝇因此提供了一个极好的机会来研究嗅觉系统的进化和生态动力学。我们比较了普通D. melanogaster和专长D. sechellia的结构和功能，后者仅在morinda果实上产卵[7]。我们的分析表明，尽管水果的顶部空间被酸所控制，触角对己酸的反应最强烈。 D. sechellia对己酸甲酯（MeHex）表现出异常强烈的反应。从行为上讲，与黑腹果蝇相比，D。sechellia对这些morinda水果挥发物的吸引力更大。对MeHex的高敏感性与MeHex神经元在触角上的2.5x-3x过量表达以及与D. melanogaster相比相应肾小球的体积一致增加2.9x平行。此外，MeHex神经元对配体的飞克图表现出极高的敏感性。相比之下，没有发现可以与D. sechellia对酸的吸引力增加同时发生的外周介导的移位。这些发现证明了进化在嗅觉回路中的多个水平上起作用，从而介导了果蝇对其同胞物种有毒的水果的独特偏爱[8-10]。

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