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首页> 外文期刊>Current Biology: CB >Adaptive Divergence in the Thyroid Hormone Signaling Pathway in the Stickleback Radiation
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Adaptive Divergence in the Thyroid Hormone Signaling Pathway in the Stickleback Radiation

机译：棘回辐射中甲状腺激素信号通路的自适应发散

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摘要

During adaptive radiations, animals colonize diverse environments, which requires adaptation in multiple phenotypic traits [1]. Because hormones mediate the dynamic regulation of suites of phenotypic traits [2-4], evolutionary changes in hormonal signaling pathways might contribute to adaptation to new environments. Here we report changes in the thyroid hormone signaling pathway in stream-resident ecotypes of threespine stickleback fish (Gasterosteus aculeatus), which have repeatedly evolved from ancestral marine ecotypes [5-8]. Stream-resident fish exhibit a lower plasma concentration of thyroid hormone and a lower metabolic rate, which is likely adaptive for permanent residency in small streams. The thyroid-stimulating hormone-beta 2 (TSH beta 2) gene exhibited significantly lower mRNA expression in pituitary glands of stream-resident sticklebacks relative to marine sticklebacks. Some of the difference in TSH beta 2 transcript levels can be explained by cis-regulatory differences at the TSP beta 2 gene locus. Consistent with these expression differences, a strong signature of divergent natural selection was found at the TSH beta 2genomic locus. By contrast, there were no differences between the marine and stream-resident ecotypes in mRNA levels or genomic sequence in the paralogous TSH beta 1 gene. Our data indicate that evolutionary changes in hormonal signaling have played an important role in the postglacial adaptive radiation of sticklebacks.
机译：在适应性辐射期间，动物会在各种环境中定居，这需要适应多种表型特征[1]。因为激素介导了一系列表型性状的动态调节[2-4]，所以激素信号传导途径的进化变化可能有助于适应新环境。在这里，我们报告了三脊棘背鱼（Gasterosteus aculeatus）的溪流常驻生态型中甲状腺激素信号传导途径的变化，这些生态型已从祖先海洋生态型中反复演化[5-8]。溪流鱼类显示出较低的甲状腺激素血浆浓度和较低的代谢率，这很可能适应小溪流中的永久居留。甲状腺刺激激素β2（TSH beta 2）基因相对于海洋stick，在溪流驻stick的垂体腺中显示出显着较低的mRNA表达。 TSH beta 2转录水平的某些差异可以通过TSP beta 2基因位点的顺式调节差异来解释。与这些表达差异一致，在TSH beta 2基因组位点发现了不同自然选择的强烈信号。相比之下，在海洋和溪流生态型之间在旁系TSH beta 1基因的mRNA水平或基因组序列上没有差异。我们的数据表明，激素信号的进化变化在冰河后刺回适应性辐射中发挥了重要作用。

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