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首页> 外文期刊>Current Biology: CB >Compartmentalized Calcium Signaling in Cilia Regulates Intraflagellar Transport
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Compartmentalized Calcium Signaling in Cilia Regulates Intraflagellar Transport

机译：纤毛中的区室钙信号调节鞭毛内运输。

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Intraflagellar transport (IFT) underpins many of the important cellular roles of cilia and flagella in signaling and motility [1-4]. The microtubule motors kinesin-2 and cytoplasmic dynein 1b drive IFT particles (protein complexes carrying ciliary component proteins) along the axoneme to facilitate the assembly and maintenance of cilia. IFT is regulated primarily by cargo loading onto the IFT particles, although evidence suggests that IFT particles also exhibit differential rates of movement [5-7]. Here we demonstrate that intraflagellar Ca2+ elevations act to directly regulate the movement of IFT particles. IFT-driven movement of adherent flagella membrane glycoproteins in the model alga Chlamydomonas enables flagella-mediated gliding motility [8-10]. We find that surface contact promotes the localized accumulation of IFT particles in Chlamydomonas flagella. Highly compartmentalized intraflagellar Ca2+ elevations initiate retrograde transport of paused IFT particles to modulate their accumulation. Gliding motility induces mechanosensitive intraflagellar Ca2+ elevations in trailing (dragging) flagella only, acting to specifically clear the accumulated microtubule motors from individual flagella and prevent a futile tug-of-war. Our results demonstrate that compartmentalized intraciliary Ca2+ signaling can regulate the movement of IFT particles and is therefore likely to play a central role in directing the movement and distribution of many ciliary proteins.
机译：鞭毛内运输（IFT）增强了纤毛和鞭毛在信号传导和运动中的许多重要细胞作用[1-4]。微管电机驱动蛋白kinesin-2和细胞质动力蛋白1b沿着轴突驱动IFT颗粒（携带纤毛成分蛋白的蛋白复合物），以促进纤毛的组装和维持。 IFT主要受货物装载到IFT颗粒上的调节，尽管有证据表明IFT颗粒也表现出不同的运动速率[5-7]。在这里，我们证明鞭毛内Ca2 +的升高直接调节IFT粒子的运动。在藻类衣藻模型中，IFT驱动的粘附性鞭毛膜糖蛋白运动使鞭毛介导的滑行运动成为可能[8-10]。我们发现表面接触促进衣藻衣藻中IFT颗粒的局部积累。高度分隔的鞭毛内Ca2 +升高会启动悬浮IFT颗粒的逆行运输，以调节其积累。滑行运动仅在尾随（拖动）鞭毛中引起机械敏感性鞭毛内Ca2 +升高，从而专门清除单个鞭毛中积累的微管马达并防止徒劳的拔河比赛。我们的研究结果表明，分隔的睫状内Ca2 +信号传导可以调节IFT颗粒的运动，因此可能在指导许多睫状蛋白的运动和分布中发挥核心作用。

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