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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >Retention and transport of nutrients in a mature agricultural impoundment
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Retention and transport of nutrients in a mature agricultural impoundment

机译：在成熟的农业蓄水池中养分的养分和运输

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Small impoundments intended for irrigation, livestock watering, and hydropower are numerous in agricultural regions of the world. Many of these artificial water bodies are well positioned to intercept fertilizer runoff and pollutants but could be vulnerable to long-term sedimentation, management intervention, or failure. We examined solute retention in a mature, sediment-filled, run-of-river impoundment created by a small, >100 year old dam in agricultural Wisconsin, United States. To do so, we measured instantaneous net fluxes of inorganic and organic solutes through the system, which contained wetlands. The impoundment was a persistent net sink for sulfate and, during the warm season only, a net sink for nitrate, ammonium, and soluble reactive phosphorus. There was also a negative relationship between nitrate and sulfate retention, suggestive of nitrate-stimulated sulfate production. Impoundment hydraulics were then altered by a management manipulation (dam removal) that caused mean water travel time to decrease by approximately 40%. Following manipulation, autoregressive modeling of solute time series indicated a decrease in mean net retention of nitrate, sulfate, ammonium, and soluble reactive phosphorus. There was also a decrease in the variability (coefficient of variation) of instantaneous net exports of dissolved organic nitrogen and dissolved organic phosphorus. These biogeochemical changes were consistent with predictions based on hydraulics (reduced water travel time), with the exception of ammonium release immediately following reservoir dewatering. Our results emphasize the biogeochemical importance of reservoir-wetland ecosystems, which are expanding with impoundment sedimentation but are threatened by infrastructure aging. We suggest that reservoir wetlands be considered in the management of dams and surface water pollution.
机译：在世界农业地区，用于灌溉，牲畜浇水和水力发电的小型蓄水池数量众多。这些人造水体中的许多位置都很好，可以拦截肥料径流和污染物，但可能容易遭受长期沉淀，管理干预或破坏。我们检查了美国威斯康星州农业中一座由100年以上的小水坝建造的，成熟的，充满泥沙的河道水库​​中的溶质滞留。为此，我们测量了整个系统（包含湿地）中无机和有机溶质的瞬时净通量。该水库是一个持久的硫酸盐净汇，仅在温暖季节，是硝酸盐，铵和可溶性活性磷的净汇。硝酸盐和硫酸盐保留之间也存在负相关关系，表明硝酸盐刺激了硫酸盐的产生。然后通过管理操作（拆除大坝）改变蓄水系统的水力，使平均水流时间减少约40％。经过处理后，溶质时间序列的自回归模型表明硝酸盐，硫酸盐，铵和可溶性活性磷的平均净保留量降低。溶解的有机氮和溶解的有机磷的瞬时净出口的变异性（变异系数）也降低了。这些生物地球化学变化与基于水力学的预测一致（减少了水的传播时间），但在储层脱水后立即释放了铵。我们的结果强调了水库-湿地生态系统的生物地球化学重要性，其随着蓄水沉积而扩大，但受到基础设施老化的威胁。我们建议在水坝和地表水污染的管理中考虑水库湿地。

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