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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >Effects of habitat quality and ambient hyporheic flows on salmon spawning site selection
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Effects of habitat quality and ambient hyporheic flows on salmon spawning site selection

机译：栖息地质量和环境水流对鲑鱼产卵地点选择的影响

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摘要

Understanding the role of stream hydrologic and morphologic variables on the selection of spawning sites by salmonid fishes at high resolution across broad scales is needed for effective habitat restoration and protection. Here we used remotely sensed meter-scale channel bathymetry for a 13.5 km reach of Chinook salmon spawning stream in central Idaho to describe habitat quality and set boundary conditions for a two-dimensional surface water model coupled with a three-dimensional hyporheic flux model. Metrics describing ambient hyporheic flow intensity and habitat quality, which is quantified as a function of stream hydraulics and morphology, were compared to the locations of nests built by female salmon. Nest locations were predicted most accurately by habitat quality followed by channel morphology (i.e., riffles location). As a lesser degree than habitat quality, water surface curvature was also a good indicator of spawning location because its intensity can identify riffle morphology. The ambient hyporheic flow predicted at meter-scale resolution was not a strong predictor of redd site selection. Furthermore, the study suggests direct morphological measurements obtained from easily measured channel bathymetry data could enable effective and rapid assessments of salmon spawning channels across broad areas.
机译：为了有效地恢复和保护栖息地，需要了解溪流水文和形态学变量对鲑鱼在高分辨率下产卵位选择的作用。在这里，我们对位于爱达荷州中部13.5公里的奇努克鲑鱼产卵流进行了遥感米级通道测深，以描述栖息地质量并为二维地表水模型和三维低渗流量模型设定边界条件。将描述环境低流量强度和栖息地质量的度量标准（根据河流水力学和形态的函数进行量化）与雌性鲑鱼筑巢的位置进行了比较。根据栖息地质量和渠道形态（即浅滩位置），可以最准确地预测巢的位置。由于其表面强度可以识别浅滩形貌，因此，水面弯曲度比生境质量差，也可以很好地指示产卵位置。以米为单位的分辨率预测的环流流量不是变红站点选择的强烈预测指标。此外，研究表明，从容易测得的航道测深数据获得的直接形态学测量结果，可以有效，快速地评估大范围内鲑鱼的产卵场。

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