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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Neurophysiology >Specific connectivity between photoreceptors and horizontal cells in the zebrafish retina
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Specific connectivity between photoreceptors and horizontal cells in the zebrafish retina

机译：斑马鱼视网膜中感光细胞与水平细胞之间的特异性连接

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摘要

The functional and morphological connectivity between various horizontal cell (HC) types (H1, H2, H3, and H4) and photoreceptors was studied in zebrafish retina. Since HCs are strongly coupled by gap junctions and feedback from HCs to photoreceptors depends strongly on connexin (Cx) hemichannels, we characterized the various HC Cxs (Cx52.6, Cx52.7, Cx52.9, and Cx55.5) in Xenopus oocytes. All Cxs formed hemichannels that were conducting at physiological membrane potentials. The Cx hemichannels differed in kinetic properties and voltage dependence, allowing for specific tuning of the coupling of HCs and the feedback signal from HCs to cones. The morphological connectivity between HC layers and cones was determined next. We used zebrafish expressing green fluorescent protein under the control of Cx promoters. We found that all HCs showed Cx55.5 promoter activity. Cx52.7 promoter activity was exclusively present in H4 cells, while Cx52.9 promoter activity occurred only in H1 cells. Cx52.6 promoter activity was present in H4 cells and in the ventral quadrant of the retina also in H1 cells. Finally, we determined the spectral sensitivities of the HC layers. Three response types were found. Monophasic responses were generated by HCs that contacted all cones (H1 cells), biphasic responses were generated by HCs that contacted M, S, and UV cones (H2 cells), and triphasic responses were generated by HCs that contacted either S and UV cones (H3 cells) or rods and UV cones (H4 cells). Electron microscopy confirms that H4 cells innervate cones. This indicates that rod-driven HCs process spectral information during photopic and luminance information during scotopic conditions.
机译：在斑马鱼视网膜中研究了各种水平细胞（HC）类型（H1，H2，H3和H4）与感光器之间的功能和形态连通性。由于HC通过间隙连接强烈耦合，并且HC向感光器的反馈强烈依赖于连接蛋白（Cx）半通道，因此我们对非洲爪蟾卵母细胞中的各种HC Cx（Cx52.6，Cx52.7，Cx52.9和Cx55.5）进行了表征。 。所有Cx均形成在生理膜电位下传导的半通道。 Cx半通道在动力学特性和电压依赖性方面有所不同，从而可以特定调整HC的耦合以及从HC到视锥的反馈信号。接下来确定HC层和视锥细胞之间的形态连通性。我们使用在Cx启动子控制下表达绿色荧光蛋白的斑马鱼。我们发现所有HCs均显示Cx55.5启动子活性。 Cx52.7启动子活性仅存在于H4细胞中，而Cx52.9启动子活性仅发生在H1细胞中。 Cx52.6启动子活性存在于H4细胞中，并且在H1细胞中也存在于视网膜的腹象限中。最后，我们确定了HC层的光谱灵敏度。发现了三种响应类型。接触所有视锥细胞（H1细胞）的HCs产生单相响应，接触M，S和UV视锥细胞（H2细胞）的HCs产生双相响应，接触S和UV视锥细胞HC的三相响应（（ H3细胞）或棒和UV视锥细胞（H4细胞）。电子显微镜证实，H4细胞可支配视锥细胞。这表明杆驱动的HC在明视期间处理光谱信息，在暗视条件下处理亮度信息。

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