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首页> 外文期刊>Current directions in psychological science: a journal of the American Psychological Society >Facilitation of extinction of conditioned fear by D-cycloserine - Implications for psychotherapy
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Facilitation of extinction of conditioned fear by D-cycloserine - Implications for psychotherapy

机译：D-环丝氨酸有助于消除条件性恐惧-心理治疗的意义

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Excessive fear and anxiety are characteristic of disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and phobias and are believed to reflect abnormalities in neural systems governing the development and reduction of conditioned fear. Conditioned fear can be suppressed through a process known as extinction, in which repeated exposure to a feared stimulus in the absence of an aversive event leads to a gradual reduction in the fear response to that stimulus. Like conditioned fear learning, extinction is dependent on a particular protein (the N-methyl-D-aspartate or NMDA receptor) in a part of the brain called the amygdala. Blockade of this receptor blocks extinction and improving the activity of this receptor with a drug called D-cycloserine speeds up extinction in rats. Because exposure-based psychotherapy for fear disorders in humans resembles extinction in several respects, we investigated whether D-cycloserine might facilitate the loss of fear in human patients. Consistent with findings from the animal laboratory, patients receiving D-cycloserine benefited more from exposure-based psychotherapy than did placebo-treated controls. Although very preliminary, these data provide initial support for the use of cognitive enhancers in psychotherapy and demonstrate that preclinical studies in rodents can have direct benefits to humans.
机译：过度的恐惧和焦虑是诸如创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和恐惧症等疾病的特征，并被认为反映了控制条件性恐惧的发生和减轻的神经系统异常。可以通过一种称为灭绝的过程来抑制有条件的恐惧，在这种过程中，在没有厌恶事件的情况下反复接触恐惧刺激会导致对刺激的恐惧反应逐渐减少。像条件恐惧学习一样，灭绝依赖于大脑杏仁核中特定的蛋白质（N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸或NMDA受体）。阻断这种受体会阻止灭绝，并使用一种名为D-环丝氨酸的药物改善该受体的活性，从而加快大鼠的灭绝速度。由于针对人类恐惧症的基于暴露的心理治疗在几个方面都与灭绝相似，因此我们研究了D-环丝氨酸是否可以促进人类患者恐惧的减轻。与动物实验室的研究结果一致，接受D-环丝氨酸治疗的患者比接受安慰剂治疗的对照组从基于暴露的心理治疗中受益更多。尽管非常初步，但这些数据为认知增强剂在心理治疗中的使用提供了初步支持，并证明了啮齿动物的临床前研究可对人类直接有益。

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