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首页> 外文期刊>Current drug abuse reviews. >Reward-seeking behavior and addiction: Cause or cog?
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Reward-seeking behavior and addiction: Cause or cog?

机译：奖励行为和上瘾：原因还是齿轮？

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Although dopaminergic system represents the cornerstone in rewarding, other neurotransmitters can modulate both the reward system and the psychomotor effects of addictive drugs. Many hypotheses have been proposed for a better understanding of the reward system and its role in drug addiction. However, after many years of investigation, no single theory can completely explain the neural basis of drug addiction. Recent reports introduce novel neurotransmitters into the game e.g. dynorphins, orexins, histamine, gheralin and galanin. The interacting functions of these neurotransmitters have shown that the reward system and its role in drug dependence, is far more complicated than was thought before. Individual variations exist regarding response to drug exposure, vulnerability for addiction and the effects of different cues on reward systems. Consequently, genetic variations of neurotransmission are thought to influence reward processing that in turn may affect distinctive social behavior and susceptibility to addiction. However, the individual variations can not be based mainly on genetics; environmental factors seem to play a role too. Here we discuss the current knowledge about the orquestic regulation of different neurotransmitters on reward-seeking behavior and their potential effect on drug addiction.
机译：尽管多巴胺能系统代表了奖励的基石，但其他神经递质可以调节奖励系统和成瘾药物的精神运动效应。为了更好地理解奖赏系统及其在吸毒中的作用，提出了许多假设。然而，经过多年的研究，没有单一的理论可以完全解释吸毒成瘾的神经基础。最近的报道将新颖的神经递质引入游戏中，例如。强啡肽，食欲素，组胺，gheralin和甘丙肽。这些神经递质的相互作用功能表明，奖励系统及其在药物依赖性中的作用远比以前想象的要复杂。在对药物暴露的反应，成瘾的脆弱性以及不同提示对奖励系统的影响方面存在个体差异。因此，人们认为神经传递的遗传变异会影响奖励过程，进而可能影响独特的社会行为和成瘾敏感性。但是，个体变异不能主要基于遗传学。环境因素似乎也起作用。在这里，我们讨论了有关不同的神经递质对寻求奖励行为的定向调节及其对药物成瘾的潜在影响的最新知识。

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