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Metalloporphyrins Immobilized on Silica and Modified Silica as Catalysts in Heterogeneous Processes

机译:固定在二氧化硅上的金属卟啉和改性二氧化硅在非均相过程中的催化作用

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摘要

Metalloporphyrins effectively catalyze C-H bond functionalization, including C-O (hydroxylation), C-N (amination), and C-C bond formation (carbene insertion). Over the last 20 years, numerous papers have reported that these complexes display catalytic efficiency and selectivity (regioselectivity and enantioselectivity) in solution (homogeneous catalysis). Green chemistry advocates idealization and production of more efficient, selective, and preferably recyclable catalysts to develop technological processes that are increasingly aligned with the principles. This has encouraged investigations into processes that can heterogenize efficient metalloporphyrin (MP) catalysts. Indeed, scientists have more and more often used heterogeneous catalysis as a tool to design clean and green processes. In this context, silica and its many functionalized derivatives represent an excellent strategy to obtain inexpensive, inert, and often highly pure (depending on the preparation route) supports to immobilize catalytic species. In this review, we intend to address this issue.
机译:金属卟啉有效催化C-H键功能化,包括C-O(羟基化),C-N(胺化)和C-C键形成(卡宾插入)。在过去的20年中,许多论文报道了这些络合物在溶液中(均相催化)显示出催化效率和选择性(区域选择性和对映选择性)。绿色化学提倡理想化和生产更有效,选择性更好,可循环再利用的催化剂,以开发越来越符合原理的工艺流程。这鼓励了对可以使高效金属卟啉(MP)催化剂异质化的方法的研究。实际上,科学家越来越多地将非均相催化用作设计清洁和绿色工艺的工具。在这种情况下,二氧化硅及其许多官能化衍生物代表了一种获得廉价,惰性且通常为高纯度(取决于制备路线)的载体以固定化催化物种的极佳策略。在这篇评论中,我们打算解决这个问题。

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