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首页> 外文期刊>Current opinion in anaesthesiology >Dexmedetomidine: a review of clinical applications.
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Dexmedetomidine: a review of clinical applications.

机译：右美托咪定：临床应用综述。

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摘要

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The present review serves as an overview update in the diverse uses of the sedative dexmedetomidine. RECENT FINDINGS: Dexmedetomidine is a selective alpha2 adrenoreceptor agonist that has been described as a useful, safe adjunct in many clinical applications. This paper reviews current clinical uses, mechanism of action, and side effects of dexmedetomidine. The current uses reviewed include sedation in the ICU (adult and pediatric), neurosurgery, pediatric procedural sedation, awake fiber-optic intubation, cardiac surgery, and bariatric surgery. SUMMARY: Dexmedetomidine is a useful medication with many clinical applications. The medication has shown efficacy in decreasing the need for opioids, benzodiazepines, propofol, and other sedative medications. Short-term sedation has been shown to be safe in studies, although hypotension and bradycardia are the most significant side effects. Dexmedetomidine has been used effectively for sedation during pediatric procedures and in the ICU. In order to reduce sympathetic tone during cardiac surgery, a low-dose dexmedetomidine infusion has been utilized. The bariatric surgery population has also been studied with dexmedetomidine because of its adequate sedation and less prevalent respiratory depression when compared with opioid administration. Dexmedetomidine is emerging as an effective therapeutic agent in the management of a wide range of clinical conditions with an efficacious, safe profile.
机译：综述的目的：本综述作为镇静剂右美托咪定的多种用途的概述更新。最近的发现：右美托咪定是一种选择性的α2肾上腺素受体激动剂，在许多临床应用中被描述为一种有用，安全的辅助剂。本文综述了右美托咪定的当前临床用途，作用机理和副作用。目前所审查的用途包括ICU（成人和儿童）的镇静，神经外科手术，儿童手术镇静，清醒的光纤插管，心脏手术和减肥手术。摘要：右美托咪定是一种有用的药物，具有许多临床应用。该药物已显示出减少阿片类药物，苯二氮卓类药物，丙泊酚和其他镇静药物的功效。尽管低血压和心动过缓是最主要的副作用，但短期镇静已被证明是安全的。右美托咪定已在儿科手术中和ICU中有效用于镇静。为了减少心脏手术中的交感神经张力，已经使用了小剂量的右美托咪定输注。由于与阿片类药物相比具有足够的镇静作用和较少的普遍呼吸抑制作用，因此减肥手术人群也已接受了右美托咪定的研究。右美托咪定正在以有效，安全的方式在各种临床疾病的治疗中作为有效的治疗剂出现。

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