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Fire safety in the operating room.

机译：手术室的消防安全。

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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Elimination of flammable anesthetic gases has had little effect on operating-room fires except to change their etiology. Electrocautery and lasers, in an oxygen-enriched environment, can ignite even the most fire-resistant materials, including the patient, and the fire triad possibilities in the operating room are nearly limitless. This review will: identify operating room contents capable of acting as ignition/oxidizer/fuel sources, highlight operating room items that are uniquely potent fire triad contributors, and operating room identify settings where fire risk is enhanced by proximity of triad components in time or space. RECENT FINDINGS: Anesthesiologists are cognizant of the risk of airway surgery fires due to laser ignition of the endotracheal tube and/or its contents. Recently, however, headeck surgery under monitored anesthesia care has emerged as a high-risk setting for operating room fires; burn injuries represent 20% of monitored anesthesia care-related malpractice claims, 95% of which involved headeck surgery. SUMMARY: Operating room fires are infrequent but catastrophic. Operating room fire prevention depends on: (a)understanding how fire triad elements interact to create a fire, (b) recognizing how standard operating-room equipment, materials, and supplemental oxygen can become one of those elements, and (c) vigilance for circumstances that bring fire triad elements into close proximity.
机译：审查目的：消除可燃麻醉气体对手术室起火几乎没有影响，除了改变其病因外。在富含氧气的环境中，电灼和激光甚至可以点燃最耐火的材料，包括患者，并且在手术室中发生三合一火灾的可能性几乎是无限的。此次审查将：确定能够用作点火/氧化剂/燃料源的手术室内容，突出显示独特的有力三合会贡献者的手术室项目，以及在手术室中确定因三合会成分在时间或空间上接近而导致火灾风险的设置。最近的发现：麻醉学家意识到由于气管导管和/或其内容物被激光点火而引起的气道手术起火的危险。然而，近来，在麻醉控制下进行头/颈手术已成为手术室火灾的高风险环境。烧伤占监测的与麻醉护理有关的医疗事故索赔的20％，其中95％涉及头颈部手术。摘要：手术室火灾很少发生，但灾难性的。手术室防火取决于：（a）了解三合会元素如何相互作用以引起火灾;（b）认识到标准手术室设备，材料和补充氧气如何成为其中一种元素，以及（c）警惕使三合会元素靠近的情况。

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