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首页> 外文期刊>Current opinion in gastroenterology >Mechanisms, prevention, and management of diarrhea in enteral nutrition.
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Mechanisms, prevention, and management of diarrhea in enteral nutrition.

机译：肠内营养中腹泻的机制，预防和管理。

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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Diarrhea is a common and problematic complication of enteral nutrition, about which there has been considerable recent research. This article briefly reviews the mechanisms of diarrhea during enteral nutrition and then critically appraises the recent and emerging evidence for the prevention and management of this distressing complication. RECENT FINDINGS: For many years, fiber was extensively investigated for its role in preventing diarrhea; however, a more recent focus has been the investigation of specific fiber blends, including soluble fibers and prebiotics, for which there is now considerable quality evidence. Enteral nutrition may result in deleterious effects on the gastrointestinal microbiota, including reductions in bifidobacteria and key butyrate producers. Their modulation by prebiotics has been confirmed in studies on healthy individuals, but convincing evidence in acutely ill patients is required. Probiotics have undergone extensive recent research and their effect on preventing diarrhea in enteral nutrition would seemingly be strain dependent. Further research is required on systematic approaches to treating diarrhea during enteral nutrition. SUMMARY: A number of factors contribute to the pathogenesis of diarrhea in enteral nutrition, meaning that approaches to its prevention and management are necessarily multifaceted. Approaches to prevent diarrhea during enteral nutrition, and a clinical algorithm to manage it, are now presented.
机译：审查目的：腹泻是肠内营养的常见和有问题的并发症，对此已有大量研究。本文简要回顾了肠内营养期间的腹泻机制，然后严格评估了预防和处理这种令人痛苦的并发症的最新证据。最近的发现：多年来，人们对纤维在预防腹泻中的作用进行了广泛的研究。然而，最近的研究重点是对特定纤维混合物的研究，包括可溶性纤维和益生元，目前已有大量质量证据。肠内营养可能对胃肠道微生物群产生有害影响，包括双歧杆菌和关键丁酸盐生产者的减少。益生元对它们的调节作用已在健康个体的研究中得到证实，但急症患者需要有力的证据。益生菌最近进行了广泛的研究，它们在预防肠内营养方面的腹泻作用似乎取决于菌株。肠内营养期间治疗腹泻的系统方法尚需进一步研究。摘要：肠内营养中腹泻的发病机理有许多因素，这意味着预防和管理腹泻的方法必定是多方面的。现在介绍预防肠内营养期间腹泻的方法，以及管理该方法的临床算法。

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