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首页> 外文期刊>Current opinion in gastroenterology >Portal hypertension.
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Portal hypertension.

机译：门脉高压症。

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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Portal hypertension is the most common complication of cirrhosis accounting for significant morbidity and mortality mainly because of variceal hemorrhage, ascites, bacterial infections, hepatic encephalopathy, and hepatorenal syndrome. Advances in the diagnosis and management of portal hypertension over the last year are reviewed. RECENT FINDINGS: The measurement of the hepatic venous pressure gradient provides important prognostic information in patients with portal hypertension. Noninvasive testing with transient elastography, capsule endoscopy, and computed tomography scanning for the diagnosis of esophageal varices is promising but more information is needed. Easily obtainable clinical data have been identified in patients with acute variceal bleeding that provides important information in determining initial response to therapy and prognosis. New therapies for patients with dilutional hyponatremia with vasopressin antagonists are promising and may improve the management of this condition. Terlipressin is the best medical therapy currently available for the management of hepatorenal syndrome as confirmed in recent studies. Patients with advanced liver disease benefit from the long-term administration of norfloxacin as it prevents the development of hepatorenal syndrome and improves survival. SUMMARY: The ongoing advances in the diagnosis and management of patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension will improve the high morbidity and mortality of the complications of cirrhosis
机译：审查的目的：门脉高压是肝硬化最常见的并发症，占很大的发病率和死亡率，主要是由于静脉曲张出血，腹水，细菌感染，肝性脑病和肝肾综合征。回顾了过去一年门静脉高压的诊断和管理进展。最新发现：肝静脉压梯度的测量为门静脉高压症患者提供重要的预后信息。用瞬时弹性成像，胶囊内窥镜检查和计算机断层扫描技术进行无创性测试以诊断食管静脉曲张是有希望的，但还需要更多信息。在急性静脉曲张破裂出血患者中已经确定了易于获得的临床数据，这些数据为确定对治疗和预后的初步反应提供了重要信息。血管加压素拮抗剂对稀释性低钠血症患者的新疗法是有前途的，可能会改善这种情况的管理。如最近的研究证实，特利加压素是目前可用于治疗肝肾综合征的最佳药物。患有晚期肝病的患者可以长期服用诺氟沙星，因为它可以预防肝肾综合征的发生并提高生存率。摘要：肝硬化和门静脉高压症患者的诊断和管理方面的不断进步将改善肝硬化并发症的高发病率和死亡率

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