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首页> 外文期刊>Current opinion in HIV and AIDS >HIV, alcohol, and noninjection drug use.
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HIV, alcohol, and noninjection drug use.

机译：HIV，酒精和非注射毒品的使用。

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摘要

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Alcohol and noninjection drug use has been shown to be associated with increased risk of HIV infection in select populations. In this review, we discuss recent data on the prevalence of alcohol and noninjection drug use and the relationship to HIV acquisition and transmission risk. RECENT FINDINGS: A strong association between alcohol use and HIV-infection risk has been demonstrated in multiple studies conducted in sub-Saharan Africa. Among men who have sex with men in the USA as well as other countries, substance use is highly prevalent and has been associated with high-risk sexual behavior. Substance use, mental health problems, and sexual risk behaviors conjoin in what is known as a syndemic to increase HIV risk among young men who have sex with men. Only a limited number of intervention studies provide promising results in reducing HIV-infection risk among substance users. SUMMARY: Alcohol and noninjection drug use is prevalent in certain populations. There is a strong association between use of alcohol and noninjecting substances, including methamphetamines, amyl nitrates, cocaine, and other drugs, and HIV-infection risk. This underscores the need for a comprehensive HIV prevention strategy that addresses substance use, including screening and behavioral intervention, among those at risk.
机译：审查目的：酒精和非注射毒品的使用已被证明与特定人群的HIV感染风险增加有关。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了有关酒精和非注射毒品使用率以及与HIV感染和传播风险之间关系的最新数据。最近的发现：在撒哈拉以南非洲进行的多项研究表明，饮酒与HIV感染风险之间有很强的联系。在美国以及其他国家，与男性发生性关系的男性中，吸毒现象非常普遍，并且与高风险的性行为有关。物质使用，精神健康问题和性风险行为共同导致了与年轻人发生性关系的年轻人中艾滋病毒感染风险增加的综合症。只有少数干预研究在减少吸毒者中降低HIV感染风险方面提供了可喜的结果。摘要：在某些人群中普遍使用酒精和非注射毒品。酒精与非注射性物质（包括甲基苯丙胺，硝酸戊酯，可卡因和其他药物）的使用与HIV感染风险之间存在密切的联系。这强调了需要制定一项全面的艾滋病毒预防策略，以解决危险人群中的物质使用问题，包括筛查和行为干预。

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