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首页> 外文期刊>Vaccine >Influenza vaccine effectiveness in preventing influenza-associated intensive care admissions and attenuating severe disease among adults in New Zealand 2012–2015
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Influenza vaccine effectiveness in preventing influenza-associated intensive care admissions and attenuating severe disease among adults in New Zealand 2012–2015

机译：流感疫苗有效性在预防流感相关的重症监护录取和新西兰成人中严重疾病的效果效果2012 - 2015年

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BackgroundLittle is known about inactivated influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) in preventing very severe disease, including influenza-associated intensive care unit (ICU) admissions.MethodsThe Southern Hemisphere Influenza and Vaccine Effectiveness Research and Surveillance (SHIVERS) project enrolled adults (aged?≥?18?years) with acute respiratory illness (ARI) in general ward (GW) hospital settings (n?=?3034) and ICUs (n?=?101) during 2012–2015. IVE was assessed using a test-negative design comparing the odds of influenza vaccination among influenza positives vs. negatives (confirmed by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction). All models were adjusted for season, weeks from season peak, and a vaccination propensity score.ResultsInfluenza virus infection was confirmed in 28% of GW hospital and 41% of ICU patients; influenza vaccination was documented for 56% and 41%, respectively. Across seasons, IVE was 37% (95% confidence intervals [CI]?=?23–48%) among GW patients and 82% (95% CI?=?45–94%) among ICU patients. IVE point estimates were?>?70% against ICU influenza and consistently higher than IVE against GW influenza when stratified by season, by virus (sub)types, and for adults with or without chronic medical conditions and for both adults aged 65 and ≥65?years old. Among hospitalized influenza positives, influenza vaccination was associated with a 59% reduction in the odds of ICU admission (aOR?=?0.41, 95% CI?=?0.18–0.96) and with shorter ICU lengths of stay (LOS), but not with radiograph-confirmed pneumonia or GW hospital LOS.ConclusionInactivated influenza vaccines prevented influenza-associated ICU admissions, may have higher effectiveness in ICU than GW hospital settings, and appeared to reduce the risk of severe disease among those who are infected despite vaccination.
机译：背景下是关于灭活流感疫苗有效性（IVE）预防非常严重的疾病（包括流感相关的重症监护病房（ICU）录取）。南半球流感和疫苗效果研究和监测（颤抖）项目注册成人（年龄？≥？ 18岁，急性呼吸疾病（ARI）在普通病房（GW）医院环境（N？= 3034）和ICU（N？=？101），2012-2015。使用试验负面设计进行评估，比较流感阳性与底膜之间流感疫苗接种的几率（通过实时逆转录聚合酶链反应证实）的流感疫苗的几率。所有型号均为季节调整，季节峰周周数，疫苗接种倾向得分。在GW医院的28％和41％的ICU患者中确认了疫苗接种倾向的病毒感染;甲型疫苗接种分别记录56％和41％。在Seasons中，IVE是GW患者中的37％（95％的置信区间[CI]？= 23-48％），ICU患者中的82％（95％CI？= 45-94％）。 IVE点估计数？>？70％反对ICU流感，并在季节分层，病毒（亚）类型和有或没有慢性医疗病症的成年人以及年龄65的成年人的成年人分层，始终如一对抗GW流感而持续高于IVE。 ≥65？岁。在住院流感阳性中，流感疫苗接种与ICU入院的几率降低59％（AOR？= 0.41,95％CI？=？0.18-0.96），并且ICU的逗留时间较短，但不是通过射线照相证实的肺炎或GW医院洛杉矶分离血型疫苗预防流感相关的ICU入院，可能在ICU的效率高于GW医院环境，并且似乎尽管接种疫苗的人感染的人中严重疾病的风险。

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