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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >Hillslope Topography Mediates Spatial Patterns of Ecosystem Sensitivity to Climate
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Hillslope Topography Mediates Spatial Patterns of Ecosystem Sensitivity to Climate

机译：Hillslope地形调解生态系统敏感性的空间模式对气候

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摘要

Understanding how hillslope topography modulates ecosystem dynamics across topoclimatic gradients is critical for predicting future climate change impacts on vegetation function. We examined the influence of hillslope topography on ecosystem productivity, structure, and photosynthetic activity across a range of water and energy availability using three independent methods in a forested watershed (Montana, USA): 308 tree cores; light detection and ranging quantification of stem density, basal area, foliar biomass, and total biomass; and the enhanced vegetation index (EVI; 1984-2012). Multiple linear regression analysis across three conifer species revealed significant increases in measured basal area increment growth rates (from 56 to 2,058 mm~2/yr) with increasing values of the topographic wetness index and decreases in the climatic water deficit. At the watershed scale, we observed strong gradients in total biomass (e.g., 52 to 75 Mg/ha), which increased from ridgelines to convergent hollows. The most predominant topographic organization of forest biomass occurred along locations of climatically driven water limitations. Similarly, an analysis of growing season EVI indicated enhanced photosynthetic activity and a prolonged growing season in convergent hillslope positions. Collectively, these analyses confirm that within water-limited landscapes, meter-scale differences in topographic position can mediate the effects of the local energy balance and contribute to large differences in local hydrometeorological processes that are a necessary consideration for quantifying spatial patterns of ecosystem productivity. Further, they suggest that local topography and its topology with regional climate may become increasingly important for understanding spatial patterns of ecosystem productivity, mortality, and resilience as regional climates become more arid.
机译：了解Hillslope地形如何在顶部识别梯度上调制生态系统动态，对于预测对植被功能的未来气候变化影响至关重要。我们在森林流域（Montana，USA）中使用三种独立方法，研究了Hillslope地形对生态系统生产力，结构和光合活动的影响，这些方法（Montana，USA）：308年核心;光检测和测距茎密度，基础区域，叶状生物量和总生物质的定量;和增强的植被指数（EVI; 1984-2012）。三个针叶树种类的多元线性回归分析显示出测量的基础区域增量生长速率（从56至2,058mm〜2 / Yr）的显着增加，随着地形湿度指数的增加，气候水缺陷的增加和降低。在流域的规模，我们观察到总生物量（例如，52至75毫克/公顷）的强梯度，从ridGelines增加到会聚空洞。最主要的地形化森林生物量的组织沿着气候驱动的水限制的位置发生。同样，对生长季节的分析EVI表示增强的光合活动和收敛山坡位置的长期生长季节。总的来说，这些分析确认，在有限的景观中，地形位置的仪表级别差异可以介绍局部能量平衡的影响，并有助于局部水样过程的巨大差异，这是对量化生态系统生产率的空间模式的必要考虑。此外，他们建议当地地形及其与区域气氛的拓扑可能对理解生态系统生产力，死亡率和弹性的空间模式变得越来越重要，因为区域气候变得更加干旱。

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