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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >Soil Respiration Components and their Temperature Sensitivity Under Chemical Fertilizer and Compost Application: The Role of Nitrogen Supply and Compost Substrate Quality
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Soil Respiration Components and their Temperature Sensitivity Under Chemical Fertilizer and Compost Application: The Role of Nitrogen Supply and Compost Substrate Quality

机译：化学肥料和堆肥下的土壤呼吸成分及其温度敏感性：氮气供应和堆肥基材质量的作用

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摘要

Understanding autotrophic (Ra) and heterotrophic (Rh) components of soil respiration (Rs) and their temperature sensitivity (Q_(10)) is critical for predictingsoil carbon (C) cycle and its feedback to climate change. In agricultural systems, these processes can be considerably altered by chemical fertilizer and compost application due to changes in nitrogen (N) supply and substrate quality (decomposability). We conducted a field experiment including control, urea, and four compost treatments. Ra and Rh were separated using the root exclusion method. Composts were characterized by chemical analyses, ~(13)C solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, and lignin monomers. Annual cumulative Ra, along with root biomass, increased with soil mineral N, while Rh was suppressed by excessive N supply. Thus, Ra was stimulated but Rh was decreased by urea alone application. Annual Rh was increased by application of compost, especially that containing most lignin vanillyl and syringyl units, O-alkyl C, di-O-alkyl C, and manganese. However, during the initial period, Rh was most effectively stimulated by the compost containing most carbohydrates, lignin cinnamyl units, phenolic C, and calcium. Ra was mediated by N release from compost decomposition and thus exhibited similar responses to compost quality as Rh. The Rh Q_(10) was reduced, while Ra Q_(10)was increased by chemical fertilizer and compost application. Moreover, the Rh Q_(10) negatively related to soil mineral N supply and compost indicators referring to high substrate quality. Overall, our results suggest that N supply and substrate quality played an important role in regulating soil C flux and its response to climate warming.
机译：了解土壤呼吸（RS）的自养（RA）和异养（RH）组分及其温度敏感性（Q_（10））对于预测碳（C）循环及其对气候变化的反馈至关重要。在农业系统中，由于氮气（n）供应和基材质量（可分解性）的变化，这些方法可以通过化肥和堆肥施用显着改变。我们进行了一个田间实验，包括对照，尿素和四个堆肥治疗。使用根除释放方法分离RA和RH。堆肥以化学分析为特征，〜（13）C固态核磁共振和木质素单体。每年累积RA以及根生物质，用土壤矿物N增加，而NOW供应过量抑制RH。因此，刺激Ra，但尿素单独申请减少了Rh。通过堆肥的施用增加了每年RH，尤其是含有大多数木质素vanillyL和纤维素单元，O-烷基C，DI-O-烷基C和锰。然而，在初始期间，Rh最有效地受到含有大多数碳水化合物，木质素肉桂糖尿布，酚类C和钙的堆肥刺激。 RA由堆肥分解的N释放介导，因此表现出与堆肥质量的类似响应作为RH。 rh Q_（10）减少，而氢Q_（10）通过化肥和堆肥施用增加。此外，RH Q_（10）与土壤矿物N供应和堆肥指标负相关，参考高基板质量。总体而言，我们的结果表明，N供应和基材质量在调节土壤C通量和对气候变暖的反应方面发挥着重要作用。

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