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Gaining Insights into the Function of Post-Translational Protein Modification Using Genome Engineering and Molecular Cell Biology

机译:使用基因组工程和分子细胞生物学获得翻译后蛋白质改性功能的见解

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摘要

Modifications by kinases are a fast and reversible mechanism to diversify the function of the targeted proteins. The OCT4 transcription factor is essential for preimplantation development and pluripotency of embryonic stem cells (ESC), and its activity is tightly regulated by post-transcriptional modifications. Several phosphorylation sites have been identified by systemic approaches and their functions proposed. Here, we combined molecular and cellular biology with CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome engineering to pinpoint the function of serine 12 of OCT4 in ESCs. Using chemical inhibitors and an antibody specific to OCT4 phosphorylated on S12, we identified cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 7 as upstream kinase. Surprisingly, generation of isogenic mESCs that endogenously ablate S12 revealed no effects on pluripotency and self-renewal, potentially due to compensation by other phosphorylation events. Our approach reveals that modification of distinct amino acids by precise genome engineering can help to clarify the functions of post-translational modifications on proteins encoded by essential gene in an endogenous context. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译:Kinases的修饰是一种快速和可逆的机制,以使靶向蛋白质的功能多样化。 OCT4转录因子对于胚胎干细胞(ESC)的预致灭发育和多能性是必不可少的,其活性通过转录后修饰紧密调节。通过系统方法和其功能鉴定了几个磷酸化位点。在此,我们将分子和细胞生物学与CRISPR / CAS9介导的基因组工程组合,以确定ESC的丝氨酸丝氨酸12的功能。在S12上使用化学抑制剂和特异于OCT4的抗体,我们将细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶(CDK)7鉴定为上游激酶。令人惊讶的是,内源性消融S12产生的异丙菌菌可以揭示对多能性和自我更新的影响,可能是由于其他磷酸化事件的补偿。我们的方法揭示了通过精确基因组工程的不同氨基酸的修饰可以有助于阐明在内源性背景下由必需基因编码的蛋白质的翻译后修饰的功能。 (c)2019 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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