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The Multiple Facets of PRC2 Alterations in Cancers

机译:PRC2在癌症中的多个方面

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Genome sequencing of large cohorts of tumors has revealed that mutations in genes encoding chromatin regulators are frequent in cancer. However, the precise contribution of these mutations to tumor development often remains elusive. Here, we review the current knowledge concerning the alterations of the Polycomb machinery in cancer, with a particular focus on the Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), a key chromatin modifier involved in the maintenance of transcriptional silencing. A broad variety of alterations can impair PRC2 activity; yet, overall, only one type of alteration is found in a given class of tumor. We discuss the potential impact of the various types of PRC2 alterations on gene expression. We propose that the distinct set of genes regulated by PRC2, depending on tumor etiology, constrain the type of alteration of PRC2 that can fuel tumor development. Beyond this specificity, we propose that PRC2 and, more generally, chromatin regulators act as gatekeepers of transcriptional integrity, a role that often confers a tumor-suppressive function. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译:肿瘤的大同伙基因组测序显示,在编码的染色质调节基因的突变是在癌症频繁。然而,这些突变与肿瘤发展的确切作用往往仍然遥遥无期。在这里,我们回顾了关于癌症的多梳机械的改变目前的知识,特别注重对梳镇压复杂2(PRC2),改性参与维持转录沉默的一个关键染色质。各种各样的改变都可以损害PRC2活性;然而,总体而言,只有一种类型的改变的在一个给定的类肿瘤的发现。我们讨论了各种类型的PRC2改变的对基因表达的潜在影响。我们建议,不同的一组由PRC2调控的基因,这取决于肿瘤的病因,约束PRC2的改变,可以推动肿瘤发展的类型。除了这种特殊性,我们建议PRC2,更普遍,染色质监管机构作为转录完整的看门人,往往赋予一个肿瘤抑制功能的作用。 (c)2016 Elsevier有限公司保留所有权利。

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