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首页> 外文期刊>Biodiversity and Conservation >Characteristics and determinants of human-carnivore conflict in South African farmland.
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Characteristics and determinants of human-carnivore conflict in South African farmland.

机译：南非农田中食肉动物冲突的特征和决定因素。

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Reducing human-carnivore conflict may provide conservation, social and economic benefits, but designing suitable mitigation activities requires information regarding underlying anthropogenic and environmental determinants. To obtain those data, we interviewed game and livestock farmers in Limpopo province, South Africa from March to August 2011. We quantified (1) human-carnivore conflict characteristics; (2) determinants of perceived carnivore predation levels and; (3) determinants of retaliatory persecution of carnivores. Carnivores reportedly killed 1.4% of total game and domestic livestock holdings and the median annual rate of loss was ZAR 1.23 ha-1, which is generally not sufficient to threaten farming livelihoods or the provincial economy. Farmers reportedly killed 303 carnivores in the year prior to the interview, 44 of which were threatened species. African wild dogs were the least tolerated species, followed by cheetahs, although these species were only blamed for 6 and 3% of reported kills respectively. The main determinants of human-carnivore conflict were high elevation, mixed purpose farming (i.e., stocking both game and livestock), dense vegetation cover and high perceived financial losses. The results suggest a number of potential conflict-mitigation strategies which include addressing predation problems in areas with a high proportion of vulnerable farms, improving tolerance of carnivores among low-tolerance social groups and correcting misconceptions about the provenance and financial impact of local carnivore populations. This information has already lead to the implementation of several suitably tailored mitigation activities.
机译：减少食肉动物的冲突可能会带来保护，社会和经济利益，但是设计适当的缓解活动需要有关潜在的人为因素和环境决定因素的信息。为获得这些数据，我们于2011年3月至8月采访了南非林波波省的野味和牲畜养殖者。我们量化（1）人肉食肉动物的冲突特征; （2）肉食动物捕食水平的决定因素;以及（3）对食肉动物进行报复性迫害的决定因素。据报道，食肉动物杀死了全部猎物和家畜的1.4％，中值年损失率为1.23南非兰特 -1 ，这通常不足以威胁农业生计或省级经济。据报道，在采访之前的一年中，农民杀死了303个食肉动物，其中44种是濒危物种。非洲野狗是耐受性最差的物种，其次是猎豹，尽管这些物种分别仅因报道的杀害事件的6％和3％受到指责。人为食肉动物冲突的主要决定因素是高海拔，混合目的农业（即放养野味和牲畜），茂密的植被覆盖和较高的可觉察经济损失。结果表明，有许多潜在的缓解冲突的策略，包括解决脆弱农场比例高的地区的捕食问题，提高低容忍度社会群体对食肉动物的容忍度，以及纠正对当地食肉动物种群出身和财务影响的误解。这些信息已经导致实施了一些适当的缓解措施。

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