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The effect of cerium alteration on the photocatalytic performance of WO3 in sunlight exposure for water decontamination

机译：铈改变对WO3在水去污中WO3光催化性能的影响

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In an effort to enhance the photocatalytic activity of cubic WO3 in sunlight exposure, its surface was modified by impregnating the Ce3+ ions ranging from 1% to 25% with a step of 5% with respect to the weight of WO3. Compared to pure WO3, the optical analysis by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) revealed better absorption cross-section and red shift in the band edges for Ce loaded catalysts. The decreased intensity of photoluminescence (PL) emissions and the suppression of the Raman active bands of WO3 verified the recombination quenching ability of Ce surface states. The XRD analysis revealed the existence of Ce3+ states in the lower loadings (<= 5%), whereas the majority of Ce4+ states were noticed at higher loadings. The FESEM analysis also verified the formation of individual particles of Ce(III, IV) oxides at the surface of WO3 at higher loadings. The XPS analysis of 10% Ce loaded samples also revealed the presence of mixed oxides of Ce at higher loading. Except for 1% Ce loaded WO3, the estimation of charge-discharge capacity, in comparison to pure WO3, revealed the enhancement in the charge retention ability with the increasing Ce loading. In comparison to pure WO3, the synthesized catalysts exhibited superior activity for the removal of 2-nitrophenol and 2-chlorophenol substrates in natural sunlight exposure. The analysis of the degradation data revealed that in the lower concentration the surface oxygen bonded Ce3+ states serve as electron trapping and transfer centers, whereas with the increasing surface density the synergic composite mechanism is the dominating mode. The exaggerated estimation in the EDX analysis of the samples loaded with 15% and 20% Ce also revealed the major surface coverage by the oxides. The salient feature of the study was the evaluation of the photocatalytic activity with the minimal catalyst loading of 350 mg L-1.
机译：为了提高立方WO3在阳光暴露中的光催化活性，通过将Ce3 +离子从1％至25％的步骤相对于WO3的重量进行5％的步骤来改变其表面。与纯WO3相比，漫反射光谱（DRS）的光学分析显示了用于CE负载催化剂的带边的更好的吸收横截面和红色偏移。光致发光（PL）排放强度降低和WO3的拉曼有源条带的抑制验证了Ce表面状态的重组猝灭能力。 XRD分析揭示了下部载荷（<= 5％）中CE3 +状态的存在，而大多数CE4 +状态在更高的载荷时被注意到。 FESEM分析还验证了在更高的载荷下WO3表面的Ce（III，IV）氧化物的个体颗粒的形成。 10％Ce加载样品的XPS分析还显示出在更高负载下的CE混合氧化物的存在。除了1％CE加载的WO3外，与纯WO3相比，充放电能力的估计揭示了随着CE负荷的增加，增强了电荷保持能力。与纯WO3相比，合成的催化剂在自然阳光暴露中除去2-硝基苯酚和2-氯蛋白基材的优异活性。劣化数据的分析显示，在较低浓度下，表面氧键合CE3 +状态用作电子捕获和转移中心，而随着表面密度的增加，协同复合机构是主导模式。夸大的估计在15％和20％Ce的样品的EDX分析中也揭示了氧化物的主要表面覆盖。该研究的突出特征是评价光催化活性，其催化剂负载量为350mg L-1。

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  • 来源
    《RSC Advances》 |2016年第3期|共14页
  • 作者

    Aslam M.; Qamar M. Tariq; Soomro M. Tahir; Ismail Iqbal M. I.; Rehan Zulfiqar Ahmad; Ashraf M. Waqar; Hameed A.;

  • 作者单位

    King Abdulaziz Univ CEES Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia;

    King Abdulaziz Univ CEES Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia;

    King Abdulaziz Univ CEES Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia;

    King Abdulaziz Univ CEES Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia;

    King Abdulaziz Univ Fac Sci Dept Chem Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia;

    Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd Univ Dept Math &

    Nat Sci Al Khobar 31952 Saudi Arabia;

    King Abdulaziz Univ CEES Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia;

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