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首页> 外文期刊>Biology Letters >Which morphological characters are influential in a Bayesian phylogenetic analysis? Examples from the earliest osteichthyans
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Which morphological characters are influential in a Bayesian phylogenetic analysis? Examples from the earliest osteichthyans

机译：哪种形态特征在贝叶斯系统发育分析中有影响力？ 来自最早的骨粒细胞的例子

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摘要

There has been much recent debate about which method is best for reconstructing the tree of life from morphological datasets. However, little attention has been paid to which characters, if any, are responsible for topological differences between trees recovered from competing methods on empirical datasets. Indeed, a simple procedure for finding characters supporting conflicting tree topologies is available in a parsimony framework, but an equivalent procedure in a model-based framework is lacking. Here, I introduce such a procedure and apply it to the problem of the 'psarolepid' osteichthyans. The 'psarolepids', which include the earliest known osteichthyans, are weakly supported as stem osteichthyans under parsimony but strongly supported as sarcopterygians in Bayesian analysis. The Bayesian result is driven by just two characters, both of which relate to the intracranial joint of sarcopterygians. Important characters that support a stem osteichthyan affinity for 'psarolepids', such as the absence of tooth enamel, have virtually no effect in a Bayesian framework. This is because of a bias towards characters with relatively complete sampling, a bias that has previously been reported for molecular data. This has important implications for Bayesian analysis of morphological datasets in general, as characters from different body parts commonly have different levels of coding completeness. Methods to critically appraise character support for conflicting phylogenetic hypotheses, such as that used here, should form an important part of phylogenetic analyses.
机译：最近有很多关于哪种方法最适合从形态学数据集重建生命树的方法。但是，对于从竞争方法恢复在经验数据集中的树木之间的拓扑差异，已经支付了很少的关注。实际上，在Parsimony框架中提供了一种用于查找支持冲突树拓扑结构的字符的简单过程，但缺少基于模型的框架中的等效过程。在这里，我介绍了这样的程序并将其应用于“诗篇”骨桥岩的问题。包含最早已知的骨酮蛋白的“白藜芦醇蛋白”是弱的，作为Diph骨核算在偶像症下的茎骨核算，但在贝叶斯分析中强烈支持。贝叶斯结果仅由两个角色驱动，两者都涉及Sarcopterygians的颅内关节。在贝叶斯骨架上几乎没有影响，支持对'PSAROLEPIDS'的关键的重要人物，例如牙釉质的缺失，几乎没有影响。这是因为对具有相对完整采样的字符的偏差，先前据报道的分子数据的偏差。这对于对形态学数据集的贝叶斯分析一般来说，这对于来自不同身体部位的角色通常具有不同程度的编码完整性。方法对突出的系统发育假假假设的批判性批判性载体，例如在此处使用的方法，应形成系统发育分析的重要组成部分。

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