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Landscape context matters for attractiveness and effective use of road underpasses by bats

机译：景观环境的吸引力和有效地利用蝙蝠的道路

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摘要

The worldwide expansion of road networks is a major concern in biological conservation because of its predominantly negative effects on terrestrial fauna. Roads also affect bats, acting as barriers to movements and causing direct mortality by collisions with vehicles. Among wildlife crossing structures existing to maintain landscape connectivity, road underpasses are considered as one of the most effective conservation measure for bats. While a few studies assessed the effects of underpass attributes on bat use, none to date has assessed the impact of landscape context on underpass use and attractiveness. To address this knowledge gap, we monitored bat activity during three consecutive nights around 24 underpasses selected along a gradient of forest cover. We compared bat activity below and above underpasses (Le., underpass use), at road sections with and without underpasses and at habitats adjacent to roads (i.e., underpass attractiveness). We found a significant positive effect of forest cover on both underpass use and attractiveness for Myotis spp. and Barbastella barbastellus, and significant negative effects of distance to the nearest forest patch for Rhinolophus spp. and hedgerow length for Myotis spp. Our study highlights the key influence of landscape context on road underpass efficiency to maintain landscape connectivity for bats. We advocate for incorporating a landscape-scale approach in the decision-making process of underpass location during road project planning to enhance efficiency of such costly crossing structures.
机译：道路网络的全球扩张是生物保护中的主要问题，因为它主要对陆地动物的负面影响。道路也影响蝙蝠，作为运动的障碍，并通过与车辆的碰撞引起直接的死亡率。在保持景观连通性的野生动物交叉结构中，道路地下通道被认为是蝙蝠最有效的保护措施之一。虽然一些研究评估了地下通道属性对蝙蝠使用的影响，但迄今为止已经评估了景观语境对地下通经和吸引力的影响。为了解决这一知识缺口，我们在沿着森林覆盖的梯度选择的24个底层的连续夜晚监测了BAT活动。我们比较了低于地下通道（LE。，地下通道使用）的BAT活动，在路段，无底层和栖息地与道路（即，地下通道吸引力）相邻。我们发现森林覆盖对Myotis SPP的地下通道使用和吸引力的显着积极作用。和Barbastella Barbastellus，以及与鼻窦SPP最近的森林贴剂的距离显着的负面影响。 Myotis SPP的Hedgerow长度。我们的研究突出了景观背景对道路地下通道效率的关键影响，以维持蝙蝠景观连通性。我们倡导在道路项目规划过程中的地下通道位置决策过程中纳入景观级别方法，提高了这种昂贵交叉结构的效率。

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