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Negative regulation of cytoplasmic RNA-mediated antiviral signaling.

机译:细胞质RNA介导的抗病毒信号的负调控。

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摘要

The recent, rapid progress in our understanding of cytoplasmic RNA-mediated antiviral innate immune signaling was initiated by the discovery of retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) as a sensor of viral RNA. It is now widely recognized that RIG-I and related RNA helicases, melanoma differentiation-associated gene-5 (MDA5) and laboratory of genetics and physiology-2 (LGP2), can initiate and/or regulate RNA and virus-mediated type I IFN production and antiviral responses. As with other cytokine systems, production of type I IFN is a transient process, and can be hazardous to the host if unregulated, resulting in chronic cellular toxicity or inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. In addition, the RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) system is a fundamental target for virus-encoded immune suppression, with many indirect and direct examples of interference described. In this article, we review the current understanding of endogenous negative regulation in RLR signaling and explore direct inhibition of RLR signaling byviruses as a host immune evasion strategy.
机译:最近,我们对维甲酸诱导型基因I(RIG-I)作为病毒RNA的传感器的发现,开始了我们对胞质RNA介导的抗病毒先天免疫信号的理解的迅速发展。现在,人们普遍认识到,RIG-1和相关的RNA解旋酶,黑色素瘤分化相关基因5(MDA5)和遗传与生理学实验室2(LGP2)可以启动和/或调节RNA和病毒介导的I型干扰素。生产和抗病毒反应。与其他细胞因子系统一样,I型干扰素的产生是一个短暂过程,如果不受监管,可能对宿主造成危害,从而导致慢性细胞毒性或炎性和自身免疫性疾病。另外,RIG-I样受体(RLR)系统是病毒编码的免疫抑制的基本目标,其中描述了许多间接和直接的干扰实例。在本文中,我们回顾了当前对RLR信号内源性负调控的理解,并探讨了直接抑制RLR信号被病毒作为宿主免疫逃避策略的方法。

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